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Related Concept Videos

Gap Junctions01:27

Gap Junctions

The cytoplasm of adjacent animal cells can exchange small molecules, ions, and secondary messengers via the communication channels which form the gap junctions. These junctions comprise a few hundred to thousands of molecular channels, each made of two halves, called the connexon hemichannel. A connexon is a hexamer of six transmembrane connexin proteins, which assemble radially, thus forming a pore or channel in the center. One connexon hemichannel docks with a corresponding connexon on the...
Gap Junctions01:37

Gap Junctions

Multicellular organisms employ a variety of ways for cells to communicate with each other. Gap junctions are specialized proteins that form pores between neighboring cells in animals, connecting the cytoplasm between the two, and allowing for the exchange of molecules and ions. They are found in a wide range of invertebrate and vertebrate species, mediate numerous functions including cell differentiation and development, and are associated with numerous human diseases, including cardiac and...
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Exon Recombination02:32

Exon Recombination

The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
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Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
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Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Studying Wnt Signaling During Patterning of Conducting Airways
13:00

Studying Wnt Signaling During Patterning of Conducting Airways

Published on: October 16, 2016

Connexin43 plays an important role in lung development.

Kouji Nagata1, Kouji Masumoto, Genshirou Esumi

  • 1Department of Pediatric Surgery, Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. koujin@pedsurg.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp

Journal of Pediatric Surgery
|December 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Connexin43 (Cx43) is crucial for lung development. Cx43 knockout mice exhibit hypoplastic lungs, indicating Cx43

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Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

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Mouse Embryonic Lung Culture, A System to Evaluate the Molecular Mechanisms of Branching

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Cellular biology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Connexin43 (Cx43) is a gap junction protein.
  • Cx43 knockout mice display lethal hypoplastic lungs post-birth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Cx43 in lung development.
  • To analyze the hypoplastic lung phenotype in Cx43 knockout mice.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of wild-type, heterozygous, and knockout Cx43 mice.
  • Gene expression analysis (RT-PCR) of surfactant protein C, aquaporin-5, and alpha-smooth muscle actin.
  • Histological examination (H&E) and immunohistochemical staining.

Main Results:

  • Significantly reduced mRNA expression of key lung development markers in knockout mice.
  • Histological analysis revealed narrower airspaces and thicker septa in knockout lungs.
  • Delayed alveolar formation observed in Cx43 knockout mice.

Conclusions:

  • Cx43 plays a vital role in alveolar and vascular formation during lung development.
  • Cx43 deficiency severely impairs lung maturation.