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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells

Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells

Published on: May 12, 2023

Stomatal density is controlled by a mesophyll-derived signaling molecule.

Tatsuhiko Kondo¹, Ryoko Kajita, Aya Miyazaki

¹Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan.

Plant & Cell Physiology

|December 17, 2009

Summary

Researchers discovered STOMAGEN, a peptide that boosts stomatal density in plants. This peptide may act as a signaling molecule, potentially by competing with known repressors of stomatal formation.

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Area of Science:

Plant biology
Molecular genetics
Cell signaling

Background:

Stomata, crucial for plant gas exchange, are regulated by complex developmental and environmental signals.
Understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms controlling stomatal density is vital for plant physiology and agriculture.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify novel genes regulating stomatal density in Arabidopsis.
To characterize the function and mechanism of a newly identified peptide, STOMAGEN, in stomatal development.

Main Methods:

Genetic screening of overexpressed secretory proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Molecular characterization of the STOMAGEN gene and its peptide product.
Treatment of wild-type plants with purified stomagen peptide to assess its effects on stomatal density.

Main Results:

Overexpression of STOMAGEN significantly increased stomatal density.
STOMAGEN encodes a small secreted peptide belonging to the EPIDERMAL PATTERNAL FACTOR (EPF) family.
Low concentrations of stomagen peptide (10 nM) increased stomatal density in wild-type plants.

Conclusions:

STOMAGEN acts as a positive regulator of stomatal density.
Stomagen is proposed to function as a mesophyll-to-epidermis signaling peptide.
Stomagen may increase stomatal density by antagonizing negative regulators like EPF1 and EPF2 via the TOO MANY MOUTHS receptor.