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Related Concept Videos

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Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management

Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...
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Hepatic Encephalopathy

DefinitionHepatic encephalopathy is a reversible neurologic syndrome that results from advanced liver dysfunction or portosystemic shunting. It leads to disturbances in cognition, behavior, and motor function due to the brain’s exposure to gut-derived toxins that the liver fails to detoxify.EtiologyThis condition develops either in the setting of acute fulminant hepatitis or progressively during chronic liver disease, such as cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Portosystemic shunting—including...
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Stages of General Anesthesia

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

A Mouse Model of Orthopedic Surgery to Study Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and Tissue Regeneration
08:17

A Mouse Model of Orthopedic Surgery to Study Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and Tissue Regeneration

Published on: February 27, 2018

Postoperative delirium and cognitive dysfunction.

S Deiner1, J H Silverstein

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA.

British Journal of Anaesthesia
|December 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Postoperative delirium and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) significantly impact elderly surgical patients, leading to worse outcomes. Early identification and basic interventions are crucial for managing these conditions.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

A Mouse Model of Orthopedic Surgery to Study Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and Tissue Regeneration
08:17

A Mouse Model of Orthopedic Surgery to Study Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and Tissue Regeneration

Published on: February 27, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Anesthesiology
  • Surgical Outcomes

Background:

  • Postoperative delirium and cognitive dysfunction (POCD) are critical concerns in elderly surgical patients.
  • While distinct, their relationship requires further clarification.
  • Both conditions have a more profound incidence and impact in the geriatric population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review definitions, etiology, treatment, and prevention of postoperative delirium and POCD.
  • Focus on elderly patients undergoing major non-cardiac surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of definitions and etiology.
  • Discussion of treatment and prevention strategies.
  • Focus on non-cardiac surgery in the elderly.

Main Results:

  • Delirium is linked to prolonged hospitalization, increased costs, and higher mortality.
  • POCD is associated with increased mortality and long-term economic consequences.
  • Effective management requires identifying at-risk patients and common aggravating factors.

Conclusions:

  • Basic care should include risk identification, awareness of perioperative factors, and simple preventive measures.
  • Recognition and basic treatments for severe hyperactive delirium are essential.
  • Addressing delirium and POCD is vital for improving geriatric surgical outcomes.