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Related Concept Videos

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint02:19

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint

The spindle assembly checkpoint is a molecular surveillance mechanism ensuring the fidelity of chromosome segregation during anaphase. The checkpoint monitors the completion of all the prerequisite steps before chromosome segregation to determine whether the segregation process should proceed or be delayed.
Many proteins function together to control the spindle assembly checkpoint. Mutations affecting these proteins may allow cells to proceed into anaphase prematurely, resulting in the...
The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint02:19

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint

The spindle assembly checkpoint is a molecular surveillance mechanism ensuring the fidelity of chromosome segregation during anaphase. The checkpoint monitors the completion of all the prerequisite steps before chromosome segregation to determine whether the segregation process should proceed or be delayed.
Many proteins function together to control the spindle assembly checkpoint. Mutations affecting these proteins may allow cells to proceed into anaphase prematurely, resulting in the...
Spindle Assembly02:50

Spindle Assembly

Spindle assembly occurs through three, often coexisting, pathways – the centrosome-mediated pathway, the chromatin-mediated pathway, and the microtubule-mediated pathway – collectively contributing to form a robust spindle apparatus.
In most cells, centrosomes are the primary microtubule nucleation centers. In the centrosome-mediated pathway, the G2-prophase transition triggers centrosome maturation and increased microtubule nucleation. Progressive nucleation results in a microtubule array...
Forces Acting on Chromosomes02:11

Forces Acting on Chromosomes

During mitosis, chromosome movements occur through the interplay of multiple piconewton level forces. In prometaphase, these forces help in chromosome assembly or congression at the equatorial plane, eventually leading to their alignment at the metaphase plate. The forces acting on the chromosomes are space and time-dependent; therefore, they vary with the position of the chromosomes as the cell progresses through mitosis. 
Microtubules and motor proteins exert two types of forces on...
Separation of Sister Chromatids02:17

Separation of Sister Chromatids

At the transition from prophase to metaphase, there is a reduction in cohesion along the chromosomal arms, resulting in the resolution of sister chromatids. However, residual cohesin connections remain to hold the sister chromatids together until the transition from metaphase to anaphase. The residual connection prevents any premature separation of sister chromatids, blocking the risks of aneuploidy within the daughter cells.
At the onset of anaphase, separase, a proteolytic enzyme, is...
Separation of Sister Chromatids02:17

Separation of Sister Chromatids

At the transition from prophase to metaphase, there is a reduction in cohesion along the chromosomal arms, resulting in the resolution of sister chromatids. However, residual cohesin connections remain to hold the sister chromatids together until the transition from metaphase to anaphase. The residual connection prevents any premature separation of sister chromatids, blocking the risks of aneuploidy within the daughter cells.
At the onset of anaphase, separase, a proteolytic enzyme, is...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Evaluation of the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint Integrity in Mouse Oocytes
10:09

Evaluation of the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint Integrity in Mouse Oocytes

Published on: September 13, 2022

Overcoming inhibition in the spindle checkpoint.

Vincent Vanoosthuyse1, Kevin G Hardwick

  • 1Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, United Kingdom. vvanoost@staffmail.ed.ac.uk

Genes & Development
|December 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Spindle checkpoint silencing, crucial for chromosome segregation, involves protein phosphatase I (PP1). Budding yeast Fin1p regulates PP1 activity at kinetochores, advancing our understanding of this mitotic process.

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Evaluation of the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint Integrity in Mouse Oocytes
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Published on: September 13, 2022

Live Cell Imaging to Assess the Dynamics of Metaphase Timing and Cell Fate Following Mitotic Spindle Perturbations
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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Spindle checkpoint silencing is essential for accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis.
  • The precise molecular mechanisms governing spindle checkpoint silencing remain largely uncharacterized.
  • Protein phosphatase I (PP1) has emerged as a critical component in this process.

Discussion:

  • This study identifies Fin1p, a novel kinetochore-localized protein in budding yeast.
  • Fin1p acts as a regulator of protein phosphatase I (PP1) activity.
  • The regulation targets specific substrates involved in spindle checkpoint silencing.

Key Insights:

  • Fin1p's kinetochore localization is crucial for its function.
  • Fin1p modulates PP1's phosphatase activity towards key spindle checkpoint proteins.
  • This provides a direct link between a kinetochore component and PP1-mediated silencing.

Outlook:

  • Further investigation into Fin1p and PP1 interactions will elucidate the precise silencing mechanism.
  • Understanding this pathway could reveal new therapeutic targets for mitotic dysfunction.
  • Developing a comprehensive working model for spindle checkpoint silencing is the next step.