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Related Concept Videos

Transmission Electron Microscopy01:15

Transmission Electron Microscopy

In 1931, physicist Ernst Ruska—building on the idea that magnetic fields can direct an electron beam just as lenses can direct a beam of light in an optical microscope—developed the first prototype of the electron microscope. This development led to the development of the field of electron microscopy. In the transmission electron microscope (TEM), electrons are produced by a hot tungsten element and accelerated by a potential difference in an electron gun, which gives them up to 400 keV in...
Overview of Electron Microscopy01:25

Overview of Electron Microscopy

The wavelengths of visible light ultimately limit the maximum theoretical resolution of images created by light microscopes. Most light microscopes can only magnify 1000X, and a few can magnify up to 1500X. Electrons, like electromagnetic radiation, can behave like waves, but with wavelengths of 0.005 nm, they produce significantly greater resolution up to 0.05 nm as compared to 500 nm for visible light. An electron microscope (EM) can create a sharp image that is magnified up to 2,000,000X.
Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy01:37

Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy

Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM) provides a better resolution than conventional fluorescence microscopy by reducing the point spread function (PSF). PSF is the light intensity distribution from a point that causes it to appear blurred. Due to PSF, each fluorescing point appears bigger than its actual size, and it is the PSF interference of nearby fluorophores that causes the blurred image. Various approaches to achieving higher resolution through SRFM have recently been developed.
Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
Electron tomography can be performed either in TEM or STEM (scanning transmission...
Photoelectric Effect02:26

Photoelectric Effect

When light of a particular wavelength strikes a metal surface, electrons are emitted. This is called the photoelectric effect. The minimum frequency of light that can cause such emission of electrons is called the threshold frequency, which is specific to the metal. Light with a frequency lower than the threshold frequency, even if it is of high intensity, cannot initiate the emission of electrons. However, when the frequency is higher than the threshold value, the number of electrons ejected...
Overview of Microscopy Techniques01:22

Overview of Microscopy Techniques

The early pioneers of microscopy opened a window into the invisible world of microorganisms. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes that leveraged nonvisible light, such as fluorescence microscopy that uses an ultraviolet light source and electron microscopy that uses short-wavelength electron beams. These advances significantly improved magnification, image resolution, and contrast. By comparison, the...

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Related Experiment Video

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Nano-fEM: Protein Localization Using Photo-activated Localization Microscopy and Electron Microscopy
13:13

Nano-fEM: Protein Localization Using Photo-activated Localization Microscopy and Electron Microscopy

Published on: December 3, 2012

Photon-induced near-field electron microscopy.

Brett Barwick1, David J Flannigan, Ahmed H Zewail

  • 1Physical Biology Center for Ultrafast Science and Technology, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.

Nature
|December 18, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Photon-induced near-field electron microscopy (PINEM) enables imaging of evanescent electromagnetic fields with electron pulses. This technique achieves atomic-scale resolution, visualizing light-matter interactions at the nanoscale.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Optics
  • Electron Microscopy

Background:

  • Optical near-field microscopy offers sub-diffraction resolution but lacks atomic-scale capabilities.
  • Electron microscopy provides atomic resolution but cannot image evanescent optical fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a technique combining electron and photon interactions for nanoscale imaging.
  • To achieve atomic-scale imaging of evanescent electromagnetic fields using electron pulses.

Main Methods:

  • Developed photon-induced near-field electron microscopy (PINEM).
  • Utilized spatiotemporal overlap of femtosecond electron packets and optical pulses on nanostructures.
  • Employed energy filtering of relativistic electrons (200 keV) after photon absorption.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated direct absorption of photon quanta (nhω) by relativistic electrons.
  • Achieved direct spatial imaging of near-field electric field distributions.
  • Obtained femtosecond temporal resolution of optical fields and mapped polarization dependence.

Conclusions:

  • PINEM enables direct space-time imaging of localized fields at the nanoscale.
  • The technique visualizes phenomena in photonics, plasmonics, and nanostructures with unprecedented detail.
  • This breakthrough bridges the gap between optical and electron microscopy for advanced material and biological studies.