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Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:

Asthma-I: Introduction

Asthma-I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...

Allergic Reactions

Allergic Reactions

Asthma III: Clinical Manifestations

Asthma III: Clinical Manifestations

Asthma presents with a characteristic pattern of episodic respiratory symptoms that reflect underlying airway inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus hypersecretion. Although severity varies among individuals, certain clinical manifestations are considered hallmarks of the disorder and often guide diagnosis and assessment.Respiratory SymptomsA persistent cough is one of the most common early features of asthma. It is frequently dry and tends to worsen at night or in the early morning,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

A Reversible, Non-invasive Method for Airway Resistance Measurements and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Sampling in Mice

A Reversible, Non-invasive Method for Airway Resistance Measurements and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Sampling in Mice

Published on: April 13, 2010

Arginase in the airways hyperreactivity.

A Strapkova¹, M Antosova

¹Department of Pharmacology, Comenius University, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Martin, Slovakia. astrapkova@jfmed.uniba.sk

Bratislavske Lekarske Listy

|December 19, 2009

Summary

Arginase inhibition reduces airway hyperreactivity by decreasing smooth muscle tone. Modulating arginase activity offers a potential therapeutic strategy for controlling airway bronchomotoric tone.

Area of Science:

Pharmacology
Physiology
Respiratory Medicine

Background:

Arginase activity limits L-arginine availability for nitric oxide (NO) synthesis.
This limitation by arginase can contribute to airway hyperreactivity.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effect of modulating arginase activity on airway hyperreactivity.
To assess intervention in arginase activity in a guinea pig model of ovalbumin-induced airway hyperreactivity.

Main Methods:

In vitro analysis of tracheal and lung smooth muscle strips.
Administration of arginase or the arginase inhibitor N(omega)-hydroxy-L-arginine (NOHA).
Incubation with L-arginine precursor alongside NOHA.

Main Results:

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Murine Model of Allergen Induced Asthma

Murine Model of Allergen Induced Asthma

Published on: May 14, 2012

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Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

A Reversible, Non-invasive Method for Airway Resistance Measurements and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Sampling in Mice

A Reversible, Non-invasive Method for Airway Resistance Measurements and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Sampling in Mice

Published on: April 13, 2010

Murine Model of Allergen Induced Asthma

Murine Model of Allergen Induced Asthma

Published on: May 14, 2012

Arginase administration did not alter smooth muscle reactivity.
NOHA significantly decreased tracheal and lung smooth muscle reactivity in a dose-dependent manner.
L-arginine supplementation enhanced the inhibitory effect of NOHA on airway reactivity.

Conclusions:

Arginase plays a role in regulating airway bronchomotoric tone.
Modulation of arginase activity presents a potential therapeutic approach for airway smooth muscle tone control.