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Related Concept Videos

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or playing an...
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Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
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Role of Hippocampus in Memory01:19

Role of Hippocampus in Memory

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

The (Spatial) Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition
05:15

The (Spatial) Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

Published on: February 19, 2018

Age-effects on associative object-location memory.

Olga Meulenbroek1, Roy P C Kessels, Mischa de Rover

  • 1Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. o.meulenbroek@donders.ru.nl

Brain Research
|December 19, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aging impairs associative memory. Elderly individuals recruit additional brain areas, like the medial temporal lobe (MTL) and basal ganglia, to compensate for reduced attentional resources during memory tasks.

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A Within-Subject Experimental Design using an Object Location Task in Rats
09:28

A Within-Subject Experimental Design using an Object Location Task in Rats

Published on: May 6, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

The (Spatial) Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition
05:15

The (Spatial) Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

Published on: February 19, 2018

A Within-Subject Experimental Design using an Object Location Task in Rats
09:28

A Within-Subject Experimental Design using an Object Location Task in Rats

Published on: May 6, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Aging is associated with declining associative memory, impacting the medial temporal lobe (MTL) and fronto-striatal networks.
  • Age-related deficits include associative binding and resource limitations, affecting memory performance.
  • The interaction between MTL and fronto-striatal networks suggests potential for mutual support.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how environmental support during encoding affects episodic memory in young and elderly adults.
  • To examine the neural mechanisms underlying associative memory in aging using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
  • To test the hypothesis that elderly individuals struggle with self-initiated processing due to resource deficits.

Main Methods:

  • An episodic memory task involving object-location associations with manipulated environmental support (rich vs. poor) was used.
  • Behavioral data were collected to assess memory performance across age groups and conditions.
  • fMRI was employed during memory retrieval to compare brain activity between young and elderly participants.

Main Results:

  • Young adults systematically utilized rich environmental support, while elderly participants showed different encoding strategies.
  • Elderly subjects exhibited greater activation in the basal ganglia, thalamus, left middle temporal/fusiform gyrus, and right MTL during retrieval of richly encoded information.
  • Young participants showed increased activity in posterior brain regions, potentially related to imagery.

Conclusions:

  • Rich environmental support recruits the declarative memory system and fronto-striatal network in the elderly.
  • Young adults appear to rely more on imagery-based strategies.
  • Elderly individuals may compensate for limited attentional resources by engaging stimulus-response associations.