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Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study
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Published on: August 18, 2020

Progressive structural brain changes in schizophrenia.

Basant K Puri1

  • 1Imperial College London, MRI Unit, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK. basant.puri@imperial.ac.uk

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics
|December 22, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Schizophrenia involves progressive brain changes, including tissue loss and ventricle enlargement, persisting for decades. Longer psychosis duration correlates with greater grey matter loss and ventricle expansion, impacting brain structure over time.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Schizophrenia is characterized by significant neuropathological changes.
  • Progressive brain alterations are observed in patients with schizophrenia, particularly in chronic cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail progressive brain changes in schizophrenia.
  • To investigate the association between psychosis duration and brain volume changes.
  • To examine regional grey matter changes in early and at-risk psychosis populations.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal assessment of brain tissue volume and ventricular size.
  • Correlation analysis between psychosis duration and volumetric changes.
  • Comparison of brain structure in ultra-high-risk, first-episode, and chronically ill schizophrenia patients.

Main Results:

  • Continuous brain tissue decrease and lateral ventricular enlargement occur for at least 20 years post-symptom onset.
  • Longer psychosis duration is linked to reduced grey matter volume and increased ventricle volumes.
  • Adolescent-onset males show progressive frontal changes; early psychosis stages reveal grey matter reduction in specific regions (planum polare, temporale, caudal), with superior temporal gyrus changes potentially preceding psychosis onset.
  • Poor outcome patients exhibit faster decline in putamen and corpus callosum size.

Conclusions:

  • Schizophrenia involves ongoing, progressive brain structural changes.
  • The duration of psychosis and outcome severity are associated with the rate and pattern of these brain alterations.
  • Specific regional changes may indicate early pathological processes preceding overt psychosis.