Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Quasistatic Mechanical Testing for Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Occlusal Veneers Cemented to Milled Dentin Analog Material
Published on: December 20, 2024
Effect of low-elastic modulus liner and base as stress-absorbing layer in composite resin restorations
Luana C A Oliveira1, Sillas Duarte, Cleudmar A Araujo
1Department of Cariology and Restorative Dentistry, Nova Southeastern University, College of Dental Medicine, 3200 South University Drive, 3rd Floor, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA. wluana@nova.edu
Objectives:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of liner and base materials to reduce the stress resulting from polymerization shrinkage. The null hypothesis tested was that the presence of low-viscosity liner and base materials under the composite resin restoration reduces the polymerization shrinkage stress.
Methods:
A quasi-three-dimensional photoelastic model of a second premolar with a class I preparation was restored using four experimental groups (n=7): RC, resin composite (Filtek Z250); FLRC, flowable liner (Filtek Flow)+resin composite restoration; VLRC, resin-modified glass-ionomer liner+resin composite restoration; and VBRC, resin-modified glass-ionomer base+resin composite restoration. The maximum shear stresses (tau(max)) were calculated along the adhesive interface in 13 predefined and standardized point locations. Data were submitted to one-way ANOVA, followed by a Tukey's post hoc test (p<0.05).
Results:
A significant difference was found among the experimental groups (p=0.001); therefore, the null hypothesis was rejected. The mean maximum shear stress was: 38.0kPa for RC, 52.1kPa for FLRC, 72.8kPa for VLRC, and 90.2kPa for VBRC. The polymerization shrinkage stress level from least to greatest was: RC
Significance:
Using a flowable composite or resin-modified glass-ionomer as liner or base material under composite resin restoration increases the polymerization shrinkage stresses at the adhesive interface leading to a possible adhesive failure.
Related Concept Videos
Bending of Members Made of Several Materials
Hooke's Law determines stress in each material, stating that stress is proportional to strain but varies due to each material's...
Elasticity in Concrete
Strain and Elastic Modulus
Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity
Residual Stresses
Residual Stresses in Bending
