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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
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Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
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Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
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Central system nervous tuberculosis in infants.

Faten Tinsa1, Leila Essaddam, Zohra Fitouri

  • 1Department of Pediatrics B, Children's Hospital of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia. faten.tinsa@hotmail.fr

Journal of Child Neurology
|December 25, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Diagnosing tuberculous meningitis in infants is challenging due to non-specific symptoms. Despite diagnostic delays, most infants showed improved cerebrospinal fluid findings and few severe outcomes after treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) presents with nonspecific symptoms, complicating early diagnosis in infants.
  • Infants with central nervous system tuberculosis require careful clinical evaluation and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical features and laboratory findings of infants diagnosed with central nervous system tuberculosis.
  • To analyze diagnostic delays and patient outcomes in a cohort of infants with TBM.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of clinical data from 6 infants diagnosed with central nervous system tuberculosis over a 10-year period.
  • Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) profiles, neuroimaging (CT/MRI), and treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • The mean time to diagnosis was 32 days, with only 2 cases identifying a contact source.
  • All infants exhibited abnormal CSF findings (lymphocytic pleocytosis <500 cells/µL).
  • Hydrocephalus and basal enhancement were noted in 2 patients; rare tuberculomas causing compression and diabetes insipidus occurred in one patient post-treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis of TBM in infants remains difficult due to subtle clinical presentations.
  • Despite diagnostic delays, prompt antituberculous treatment can lead to favorable outcomes, with most patients experiencing hearing improvement and minimal severe sequelae.