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Hormonal Regulation

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The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.

Renal Regulation of Acid-Base Balance

Renal Regulation of Acid-Base Balance

Metabolic reactions in the body produce nonvolatile acids, such as sulfuric acid, which generate an acid load of approximately 1 mEq of H+ per kilogram of body weight daily. Excreting H+ in the urine is essential to balance this acid load.
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Introduction to Urinary System

Introduction to Urinary System

The urinary system consists of two kidneys, two ureters, the urinary bladder, and the urethra.
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Blood and Nerve Supply to the Kidney

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The kidneys are vital organs responsible for filtering and cleaning blood, removing waste products, and regulating electrolyte levels. To perform these essential functions, they require a constant and robust blood supply.
Bloody Supply to the Kidneys:
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Glomerular Filtration Rate and its Regulation

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The Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function, reflecting the volume of filtrate formed per minute in the kidneys. On average, GFR is approximately 125 mL/min in males and 105 mL/min in females. Maintaining a relatively constant GFR is essential for the kidneys to effectively regulate body fluid homeostasis and maintain extracellular stability.
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Renal Corpuscle

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The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Isolation and Culture of Cells from the Nephrogenic Zone of the Embryonic Mouse Kidney

Isolation and Culture of Cells from the Nephrogenic Zone of the Embryonic Mouse Kidney

Published on: April 22, 2011

Riboregulators in kidney development and function.

Dwi Setyowati Karolina¹, E M Wintour, John Bertram

¹Department of Biochemistry, YLL School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore.

|January 5, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNAs, small non-coding RNAs, are key regulators of gene activity. Their dysregulation is linked to kidney diseases, highlighting their importance in renal development and pathology.

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Isolation and Culture of Cells from the Nephrogenic Zone of the Embryonic Mouse Kidney

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In Utero Intra-cardiac Tomato-lectin Injections on Mouse Embryos to Gauge Renal Blood Flow

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Published on: February 4, 2015

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genetics
Nephrology

Background:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression.
miRNAs play roles in diverse biological processes and are implicated in various diseases.
Emerging research highlights miRNAs' significance in renal development and pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the role of microRNAs in kidney development and disease.
To review the current understanding of miRNA involvement in renal pathology.
To discuss advancements in miRNA identification and manipulation for kidney research.

Main Methods:

MicroRNA profiling studies to identify kidney-specific or region-specific miRNAs.
Analysis of knockout studies demonstrating the critical role of miRNAs in renal function.
Review of identified miRNAs in renal disease models (cancers, diabetic nephropathy, polycystic kidney disease).

Main Results:

MicroRNA profiling reveals tissue-specific miRNAs in the kidney.
Knockout studies confirm essential roles for miRNAs in normal renal growth and function.
Specific miRNAs are associated with various kidney diseases, including cancers and nephropathies.

Conclusions:

MicroRNAs are crucial regulators in renal development and function.
Dysregulated miRNA expression is linked to kidney diseases.
Further research into miRNA activity, signatures, and manipulation holds promise for kidney research and therapeutics.