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Related Concept Videos

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Elution Process01:05

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Elution Process

In High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), the elution process is critical to the separation of analytes and the quality of chromatographic results. Elution describes how compounds move through the column and separate based on their interactions with the mobile and stationary phases. This process determines the resolution, peak shape, and retention times in the chromatogram, which are essential for identifying and quantifying components in complex mixtures. Understanding the elution...
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation00:57

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation

High-performance liquid chromatography, or HPLC, is an analytical technique that separates liquid samples under high pressures. An HPLC instrument consists of glass bottles for storing solvents called mobile phase reservoirs. HPLC-grade solvents are used to maintain high purity, and the dissolved gases are removed using a degasser, such as a vacuum pumping system or sparging with helium. The solvents are then pumped into the analytical column using a screw-driven syringe or reciprocating pumps.
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction01:11

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction

High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), formerly referred to as High-pressure liquid chromatography, is a powerful technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in complex mixtures. The term "high pressure" refers to using high pressure to push the liquid mobile phase through the tightly packed columns.
In HPLC, two phases play a critical role in the separation process:
Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation01:20

Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation

Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation typically consists of several key components. A high-voltage power supply generates the electric field necessary for the separation by connecting to an anode (the positively charged electrode) and a cathode (the negatively charged electrode) located in buffer reservoirs at each end of the capillary tube. The system includes a sample vial, a fused silica capillary tube coated with polyimide for mechanical strength through which the sample components...
Rise of Liquid in a Capillary Tube01:18

Rise of Liquid in a Capillary Tube

When very thin cylindrical tubes, called capillaries, are dipped in a liquid, the liquid rises or falls in the tube compared to the surrounding liquid. This phenomenon is called capillary action. Capillary action occurs due to the combination of two opposing forces: the cohesive forces of the liquid, which cause it to stick to itself and form a rounded shape, and the adhesive forces between the liquid and the walls of the container, which cause the liquid to be attracted to the container walls.
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Types of Detectors01:15

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Simple In-House Ultra-High Performance Capillary Column Manufacturing with the FlashPack Approach
13:36

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Thermal expansion pump for capillary high-performance liquid chromatography.

Qian Tao1, Qian Wu, Xiangmin Zhang

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.

Analytical Chemistry
|January 7, 2010
PubMed
Summary

A novel thermal expansion pump (TEP) offers stable, continuous binary solvent delivery for capillary liquid chromatography. This cost-effective micro-HPLC pump system achieves excellent flow and retention time reproducibility.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Chromatography
  • Instrument Development

Background:

  • Capillary High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) requires precise and stable solvent delivery.
  • Existing micro-HPLC pumps can be complex and expensive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel thermal expansion pump (TEP) for capillary HPLC.
  • To demonstrate the TEP system's capability for stable binary solvent delivery at high pressure.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a thermal expansion pump (TEP) based on liquid thermal expansion principle.
  • Established and validated theoretical equations for fluidic output control.
  • Assembled a TEP system with two groups working in turns and developed a control strategy.
  • Integrated the TEP system into a micro-HPLC setup with a capillary column and fluorescence detector.

Main Results:

  • Achieved continuous, stable binary solvent delivery from nanoliters to microliters per minute.
  • Validated theoretical equations considering factors like density discrepancy and compressibility.
  • Demonstrated isocratic and gradient solvent delivery with low relative standard deviations (RSD) for flow (4%) and retention times (2%) at 500 nL/min.
  • The TEP system exhibited minimal moving parts, low cost, and high potential for capillary chromatography.

Conclusions:

  • The developed thermal expansion pump system is a cost-effective and efficient solution for capillary liquid chromatography.
  • The TEP system provides stable and reproducible solvent delivery, crucial for micro-HPLC applications.
  • This technology shows significant potential and competitive capabilities in the field of capillary chromatography.