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Related Experiment Video

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New Variations for Strategy Set-shifting in the Rat

New Variations for Strategy Set-shifting in the Rat

Published on: January 23, 2017

Switch costs and the operand-recognition paradigm.

Arron W S Metcalfe¹, Jamie I D Campbell

¹Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, 9 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A5, Canada. Arron.Metcalfe@usask.ca

Psychological Research

|January 8, 2010

Summary

The operand-recognition paradigm for measuring arithmetic strategies is confounded by task-switching costs. This challenges its use as a precise indicator of cognitive arithmetic strategy complexity.

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Area of Science:

Cognitive psychology
Cognitive neuroscience
Mathematical cognition

Background:

Self-reports on arithmetic strategies lack validity and reliability.
The operand-recognition paradigm was developed to objectively measure strategy use.
Previous findings suggested strategy complexity increases with problem size in addition.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate whether task-switching costs confound the operand-recognition paradigm.
To re-evaluate the operand-recognition paradigm's ability to measure arithmetic strategy complexity.

Main Methods:

Replication of Thevenot et al.'s (2007) operand-recognition paradigm.
Inclusion of a parity judgment control task to isolate task-switching effects.
Analysis of recognition and judgment times in relation to arithmetic problem size.

Main Results:

Operand-recognition times replicated previous findings, increasing with addition problem size.
Parity judgments also showed effects of addition problem size, though smaller.
Task-switching costs appear to influence operand-recognition times.

Conclusions:

The operand-recognition paradigm's measures of strategy complexity are confounded by task-switching effects.
The paradigm's precision as a measure of arithmetic strategy complexity is limited.
Further research is needed to disentangle strategy complexity from task-switching costs in cognitive arithmetic.