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Audiological deficits after closed head injury.

Sanjay K Munjal1, Naresh K Panda, Ashis Pathak

  • 1Departments of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India. sanjaymunjal1@rediffmail.com

The Journal of Trauma
|January 13, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Head injuries frequently cause hearing loss, with most cases being mild. Comprehensive audiological tests revealed significant auditory pathway differences in head-injured patients compared to controls.

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Neurology
  • Trauma Medicine

Background:

  • Peripheral auditory structure damage is a common consequence of head injuries.
  • A majority of patients with skull trauma experience hearing impairment.
  • Auditory pathway damage can be a primary or secondary injury following head trauma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the audiological effects of head injury.
  • To assess the prevalence and degree of hearing impairment in head-injured patients.
  • To compare auditory function between head-injured patients and a control group.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive audiological test battery was administered to 290 head-injured patients and 50 controls.
  • Patients were categorized by Glasgow Coma Scale score into mild, moderate, and severe head injury groups.
  • Tests included pure tone, speech audiometry, tympanometry, acoustic reflex, auditory brain stem response (ABR), and middle latency response (MLR) audiometry.

Main Results:

  • A higher prevalence of hearing impairment was observed in the head-injured group compared to the control group.
  • The majority of hearing loss cases following closed head injury were mild.
  • Significant differences were found between groups in ABR and MLR parameters.

Conclusions:

  • Closed head injury is associated with a high prevalence of hearing impairment.
  • Mild hearing impairment is the most common outcome after closed head injury.
  • ABR and MLR testing reveal significant auditory pathway dysfunction in head-injured individuals.