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Building a regionally connected reserve network in a changing and uncertain world
Daniel Spring1, Jiri Baum, Ralph Mac Nally
1Australian Centre for Biodiversity, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia. daniel.spring@sci.monash.edu.au
Summary
Planning for habitat connectivity must consider future development threats. Proactive strategies ensure reserve networks remain connected, unlike those focusing only on current risks, which often fail to complete linkage projects.
Area of Science:
- Conservation Biology
- Landscape Ecology
- Spatial Planning
Background:
- Habitat connectivity is crucial for species movement and population viability, especially with climate change.
- Establishing large-scale habitat linkages is time-consuming and vulnerable to development pressures.
- Current reserve scheduling often overlooks evolving threats from spreading development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the importance of incorporating future threats into reserve scheduling for maintaining habitat connectivity.
- To compare forward-looking strategies with those that only consider current threats.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of different strategies using landscape-scale connectivity metrics.
Main Methods:
- Applied forward-looking and current-threat-based scheduling strategies to a Costa Rican case study.
- Utilized two landscape-scale connectivity metrics: pure connectivity and connected habitat diversity.
- Assessed the reliability of strategies based on the completion of planned habitat linkage projects.
Main Results:
- Strategies considering only current threats proved unreliable, frequently failing to secure habitat linkages.
- Forward-looking strategies that accounted for future development were more effective and reliable.
- The likelihood of completing habitat linkage projects was significantly impacted by future development spread.
Conclusions:
- Considering future threats is critical for successful long-term habitat connectivity projects.
- Proactive reserve network design that anticipates development is essential for conservation.
- Effective reserve scheduling requires dynamic planning that adapts to changing landscapes.
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