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Related Concept Videos

Mass Spectrometry: Overview01:19

Mass Spectrometry: Overview

Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique used to determine the molecular mass and molecular formula of a compound. The basic principle of mass spectrometry is to generate ions from the analyte molecule and measure these ion abundances against their molecular mass. One common type of ionization, known as electron ionization or EI, bombards the analyte molecules in the gas phase with high-energy electron beams. The electron beams displace an electron from the molecule and leave behind a...
2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques

Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other axis.
2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques01:16

2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques

Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY) is a powerful technique used in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the correlations between nuclei of the same type within a molecule. It provides information about scalar couplings between adjacent nuclei, which helps determine connectivity and structural information. There are several COSY variants, each with its unique strengths and experimental parameters.
COSY90 is the standard two-dimensional (2D) COSY experiment that...
2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)01:19

2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)

Heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy (HSQC) is a 2D NMR technique that reveals one-bond correlations between hydrogen and a heteronucleus. The HSQC experiment is similar to the heteronuclear correlation experiment (HETCOR) but is more sensitive. In the HSQC spectrum, the proton chemical shift is plotted on the horizontal F2 axis, while the 13C chemical shift is plotted on the vertical F1 axis. The corresponding proton and 13C spectra are also shown. The HSQC contour plot does...
2D NMR: Homonuclear Correlation Spectroscopy (COSY)01:06

2D NMR: Homonuclear Correlation Spectroscopy (COSY)

Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy, or COSY, is a 2-dimensional NMR technique that provides information about coupled protons. Typically, the geminal and vicinal coupling are observed. For example, consider the COSY spectrum of ethyl acetate, where its 1D proton NMR spectrum is plotted along the vertical and horizontal axes with their corresponding chemical shift scale. Three spots on the diagonal corresponding to the three peaks in the 1D proton spectrum are called diagonal peaks. The COSY...
IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview01:24

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview

When Infrared (IR) radiation passes through a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds transition from lower to higher vibrational levels. The fundamental vibrational motions that result in infrared absorption can be classified as stretching or bending vibrations.
Stretching vibrations are vibrational motions that occur along the bond line, changing the bond length or distance between two bonded atoms. They are further distinguished as symmetric or asymmetric. In symmetric stretching, the...

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Pure Shift Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: a New Tool for Plant Metabolomics
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Published on: July 31, 2021

Molecular correlation spectrometry.

D T Williams1, B L Kolitz

  • 1University of Florida, Gainesville,Florida 32601, USA.

Applied Optics
|January 14, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study details a spectrometric method using masks for gas concentration analysis. The technique achieves high precision for several gases, even with unknown interfering substances present.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Environmental Science
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Accurate gas concentration measurement is critical for environmental monitoring and industrial safety.
  • Traditional spectrometric methods can be limited by sensitivity and interference.
  • Development of novel techniques is needed to improve gas detection capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe and evaluate a spectrometric method for gas concentration determination using a mask.
  • To establish calibration curves for key industrial and environmental gases.
  • To assess the precision and applicability of the method for trace gas analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Development and application of a spectrometric technique employing a mask for gas analysis.
  • Generation of detailed calibration curves for ammonia (NH3), toluene (C6H5CH3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and sulfur dioxide (SO2).
  • Utilizing a reference cell for in-situ gas sample comparison during measurements.

Main Results:

  • Calibration curves were linear on log-log plots across practical concentration ranges for tested gases.
  • Reproducible slopes were achieved, indicating method reliability.
  • The method demonstrated the potential to determine concentrations of several gases down to parts per billion (ppb) levels with <10% precision using long path lengths (hundreds of meters).

Conclusions:

  • The described spectrometric mask method is effective for quantifying gas concentrations.
  • The technique offers high sensitivity and precision for trace gas detection.
  • Results suggest robustness against unknown absorbing gases under many conditions, enhancing its practical utility.