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Related Concept Videos

Ultraviolet and Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy: Overview01:02

Ultraviolet and Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy: Overview

Ultraviolet–visible (UV–visible or UV–Vis) spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the interaction between matter and UV–Vis light within the electromagnetic spectrum. This method is widely used for its versatility, simplicity, and relatively quick data acquisition, making it valuable for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. When UV–Vis radiation passes through a material,  molecules absorb light depending on the energy required for electronic transitions. As a result...
UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

UV–Vis Spectrometers

The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell. Samples for...
UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions01:16

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions

In Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is used to probe the electronic structure of molecules. This technique provides insights into molecular electronic transitions, particularly the movement of electrons between different molecular orbitals. Radiation is absorbed if the energy of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the molecule is precisely equal to the energy difference between the excited and ground states. During this process,...
UV–Vis Spectrum01:30

UV–Vis Spectrum

When light passes through a substance, a portion of the light is absorbed while the remaining light is reflected or transmitted. If the molecule absorbs light between the wavelengths of 180–400 nm range, the UV spectrum is obtained, and if it absorbs light in the 400–780 nm wavelength range, the visible spectrum is obtained.     
The UV–Vis spectrum of a molecule is the plot of its absorbance versus wavelength. The plot is drawn by taking molar absorptivity (ε) or log ε on the y-axis (ordinate)...
UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Conjugated Systems01:32

UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Conjugated Systems

Organic compounds with conjugated double bonds show strong absorption features in the UV–visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum attributed to π → π* electronic excitations. Generally, a UV–vis absorption spectrum is recorded as a plot of absorbance vs wavelength. The wavelength of maximum absorbance, which manifests as a peak in the absorption spectrum, is denoted as λmax.
One of the factors influencing λmax is the extent of conjugation in the...
UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Woodward–Fieser Rules01:29

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Woodward–Fieser Rules

UV–Visible absorption spectra of conjugated dienes arise from the lowest energy π → π* transitions. The light-absorbing part of the molecule is called the chromophore, and the substituents directly attached to the chromophore are called auxochromes. A strong correlation exists between the absorption maxima, λmax, and the structure of a conjugated π system. The Woodward–Fieser rules predict the value of λmax for a given structure by adding the contributions...

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Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometry With Tunable Vacuum Ultraviolet (VUV) Synchrotron Radiation
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Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometry With Tunable Vacuum Ultraviolet (VUV) Synchrotron Radiation

Published on: October 30, 2012

Vacuum ultraviolet scattering distributions.

M C Johnson

    Applied Optics
    |January 14, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Measurements reveal that black surfaces exhibit higher ultraviolet (UV) reflectance than anticipated. This study details UV scattering profiles from various surfaces at specific wavelengths.

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    Spatial Separation of Molecular Conformers and Clusters
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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Surface Science
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Understanding surface reflectance is crucial for applications in optics and materials science.
    • Ultraviolet (UV) radiation interactions with surfaces require detailed characterization.
    • Previous models may not fully account for the optical properties of certain materials, particularly dark surfaces.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To measure and analyze the reflectance and scattered intensity profiles of rough and smooth surfaces under UV irradiation.
    • To investigate the angular dependence of UV scattering.
    • To compare experimental findings with theoretical expectations for different surface types.

    Main Methods:

    • Incident radiation of 1216 Angstroms was used for measurements.
    • Reflectance was quantified for various surfaces.
    • Scattered intensity profiles were recorded in the plane of incidence.
    • Measurements were conducted at multiple incident angles.

    Main Results:

    • Reflectance measurements for black surfaces yielded unexpectedly high values.
    • Scattered intensity profiles demonstrated variations based on surface roughness and incident angle.
    • The angular distribution of scattered UV light was mapped in detail.

    Conclusions:

    • Black surfaces possess higher UV reflectance than commonly assumed.
    • Surface topography significantly influences UV scattering behavior.
    • Further research is needed to refine models for UV-surface interactions, especially for dark materials.