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Knowing What Counts: Unbiased Stereology in the Non-human Primate Brain
11:25

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Published on: May 14, 2009

Is it only humans that count from left to right?

Rosa Rugani1, Debbie M Kelly, Izabela Szelest

  • 1Centre for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Corso Bettini 31, 38068 Rovereto, Italy. rosa.rugani@unitn.it

Biology Letters
|January 15, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Birds, including nutcrackers and chicks, exhibit a leftward bias when identifying an object's ordinal position. This spatial bias, observed in both species, mirrors human number line orientation.

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Area of Science:

  • Comparative psychology
  • Avian cognition
  • Spatial reasoning

Background:

  • Humans exhibit a left-to-right bias when processing ordinal information, such as number lines.
  • Investigating spatial biases in non-human animals can provide insights into the evolution of cognitive mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if birds demonstrate a leftward bias in ordinal position tasks.
  • To compare the spatial biases of nutcrackers (Nucifraga columbiana) and domestic chicks (Gallus gallus).

Main Methods:

  • Birds were trained to identify specific elements (4th or 6th) in a series of 16 identical positions.
  • The series was presented sagittally and then rotated 90 degrees frontoparallel to the birds' starting position.
  • Performance was assessed by observing pecking behavior at the target position.

Main Results:

  • Both adult nutcrackers and domestic chicks showed a leftward bias when locating the correct ordinal position.
  • This bias was evident when identifying the position from the left end of the series.
  • No significant bias was observed when identifying the position from the right end.

Conclusions:

  • Avian species, like nutcrackers and chicks, possess a leftward bias in ordinal spatial tasks.
  • This finding suggests a potential shared evolutionary basis for spatial-numerical associations across species.
  • The study highlights the importance of considering species-specific perceptual and cognitive frameworks in spatial tasks.