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Area of Science:

  • Hepatobiliary Surgery
  • Interventional Oncology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver malignancy.
  • Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a common treatment for HCC.
  • Monitoring treatment efficacy is crucial for patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prognostic value of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) decline post-RFA in HCC.
  • To determine if AFP kinetics can predict treatment response and survival.
  • To assess the correlation between AFP levels and imaging-based response.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 72 RFA treatments in 54 HCC patients.
  • Definition of favorable AFP decrease as half-life < 7 days.
  • Correlation of AFP decrease with computed tomography (CT) scan results at 1 month post-RFA.

Main Results:

  • 15% of treatments showed a favorable AFP decrease.
  • 71% of therapies had concordant AFP and imaging results.
  • Favorable AFP decrease correlated with significantly better disease-free survival (P=0.003).

Conclusions:

  • A favorable AFP decrease is a strong predictor of disease-free survival in HCC patients post-RFA.
  • An unfavorable AFP decrease, even with a complete radiological response, may indicate incomplete treatment.