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Light-dependent behavioral phenotypes in PER3-deficient mice.

Daan R van der Veen¹, Simon N Archer

¹Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.

Journal of Biological Rhythms

|January 16, 2010

Summary

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Mice lacking the Period3 gene (mPer3(-/-)) exhibit altered light sensitivity, impacting their circadian rhythm regulation. This suggests Period3 plays a role beyond the molecular clock in processing light signals.

Area of Science:

Chronobiology
Molecular Biology
Behavioral Neuroscience

Background:

The Period3 gene (Per3) is known to have a redundant role in the mammalian circadian clock.
Previous studies indicated a mild circadian phenotype in Period3 knockout mice (mPer3(-/-)).

Purpose of the Study:

To reevaluate the behavioral phenotype of mPer3(-/-) mice on a C57Bl/6J background.
To investigate the specific role of Period3 in the response to light stimuli within the circadian system.

Main Methods:

Behavioral analysis of mPer3(-/-) and wild-type mice under constant light and constant darkness conditions.
Assessment of free-running activity period, response to varying light intensities, negative masking, and reentrainment to shifted light-dark cycles.
Evaluation of behavioral phase-shifts in response to light pulses.

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Main Results:

mPer3(-/-) mice displayed a shorter free-running activity period in constant light, with the difference from wild-type increasing with light intensity.
No significant difference in free-running period was observed between genotypes in constant darkness.
mPer3(-/-) mice showed attenuated responses to light, including reduced negative masking and slower reentrainment, but normal phase-shifting responses.
The mPer3(-/-) phenotype is characterized by altered light sensitivity, not impaired circadian responsiveness to light.

Conclusions:

The Period3 gene plays a significant role in modulating the sensitivity of the circadian system to light.
Beyond its known function within the molecular clock, Per3 contributes to light input pathways.
These findings reveal a novel extragenomic role for Per3 in photic entrainment and light-mediated behavioral responses.