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Related Concept Videos

IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

UV–Vis Spectrometers

The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell. Samples for...
Spectrophotometry: Introduction01:16

Spectrophotometry: Introduction

Spectrophotometry is the quantitative measurement of the absorption, reflection, diffraction, or transmission of electromagnetic radiation through a material as a function of the intensity and wavelength of the radiation. A spectrophotometer is a device used to measure the change in the radiation intensity caused by its interaction with the material.
The essential components of a spectrophotometer include a source of electromagnetic radiation, a slot for placing a material to be analyzed, and a...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
The atomizer used in AAS can be either a flame atomizer or an...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Evaluation of Photosynthetic Behaviors by Simultaneous Measurements of Leaf Reflectance and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Analyses
10:20

Evaluation of Photosynthetic Behaviors by Simultaneous Measurements of Leaf Reflectance and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Analyses

Published on: August 9, 2019

A computer based spectroradiometer system.

J E Eby

    Applied Optics
    |January 16, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study details a spectroradiometer system for measuring light source spectral energy distribution. The system uses digital integration and computer processing for accurate radiometry measurements.

    Area of Science:

    • Optical Engineering
    • Radiometry
    • Spectroscopy

    Background:

    • Radiometry presents significant experimental challenges.
    • Accurate spectral energy distribution measurements are crucial for light source characterization.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe a novel spectroradiometer system.
    • To address experimental challenges in radiometry.
    • To present a system for measuring spectral energy distribution from 0.25-2.5 micrometers.

    Main Methods:

    • A single-beam optical arrangement.
    • Integration of photodetector signals over successive wavelength intervals.
    • Digital data recording and computer-based processing.

    Main Results:

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    Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy: Getting the Capillary Refill Test Under One's Thumb
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    Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy: Getting the Capillary Refill Test Under One's Thumb

    Published on: December 2, 2017

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    Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

    Evaluation of Photosynthetic Behaviors by Simultaneous Measurements of Leaf Reflectance and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Analyses
    10:20

    Evaluation of Photosynthetic Behaviors by Simultaneous Measurements of Leaf Reflectance and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Analyses

    Published on: August 9, 2019

    Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy: Getting the Capillary Refill Test Under One's Thumb
    06:50

    Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy: Getting the Capillary Refill Test Under One's Thumb

    Published on: December 2, 2017

    • The system successfully measures spectral energy distribution.
    • Accuracy and reproducibility of the spectroradiometer system are discussed.
    • Digital computer performs data processing and spectral plotting.

    Conclusions:

    • The described spectroradiometer system offers a viable solution for radiometry challenges.
    • The system provides accurate and reproducible spectral energy distribution measurements.
    • Computer integration enhances data processing efficiency and accuracy.