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Related Concept Videos

Cross-Sectional Research01:50

Cross-Sectional Research

In cross-sectional research, a researcher compares multiple segments of the population at the same time. If they were interested in people's dietary habits, the researcher might directly compare different groups of people by age. Instead of following a group of people for 20 years to see how their dietary habits changed from decade to decade, the researcher would study a group of 20-year-old individuals and compare them to a group of 30-year-old individuals and a group of 40-year-old...
Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
Study Designs in Epidemiology01:20

Study Designs in Epidemiology

Epidemiological study designs are fundamental tools for investigating the distribution, determinants, and control of health conditions in populations. They help researchers understand the relationships between exposures and outcomes, and they broadly fall into two categories: "observational" and "experimental" studies.
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies.
Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
Group Design02:01

Group Design

The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between the two are due to...

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Enactive Phenomenological Approach to the Trier Social Stress Test: A Mixed Methods Point of View
05:26

Enactive Phenomenological Approach to the Trier Social Stress Test: A Mixed Methods Point of View

Published on: January 7, 2019

Mixed methods in gerontological research.

Mary Beth Happ1

  • 1Department of Acute and Tertiary Care, University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, 336 Victoria Building, 3500 Victoria Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. mhapp@pitt.edu

Research in Gerontological Nursing
|January 19, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study differentiates parallel and integrated mixed methods research, highlighting barriers and strategies for data integration in gerontology. It proposes four levels of data combination for enhanced qualitative and quantitative analysis.

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Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Enactive Phenomenological Approach to the Trier Social Stress Test: A Mixed Methods Point of View
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Methodology for Establishing a Community-Wide Life Laboratory for Capturing Unobtrusive and Continuous Remote Activity and Health Data
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Methodology for Establishing a Community-Wide Life Laboratory for Capturing Unobtrusive and Continuous Remote Activity and Health Data

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Mixed Methods Research

Background:

  • Mixed methods research is increasingly utilized in gerontological studies.
  • Distinguishing between parallel and integrated approaches is crucial for effective research design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate parallel and integrated mixed methods research approaches.
  • To identify and critique barriers to integrated mixed methods in gerontology.
  • To present strategies for data integration in mixed methods gerontological research.

Main Methods:

  • Critique of existing literature on mixed methods research in gerontology.
  • Presentation of examples of integrated mixed methods gerontological studies.
  • Proposal of four levels of mixed methods data combination.

Main Results:

  • Barriers to integrated mixed methods research in gerontology were identified.
  • Examples illustrate data integration at analysis, interpretation, and reporting levels.
  • Data transformation and visual display are key to fuller integration.

Conclusions:

  • Gerontological research can benefit from moving beyond parallel approaches to achieve data integration.
  • Practical strategies exist for effectively mixing qualitative and quantitative data.
  • Enhanced data integration leads to more comprehensive research findings.