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Related Concept Videos

Sutures of the Skull01:22

Sutures of the Skull

The human skull is composed of several bones that come together to protect the brain and support the structures of the face. The junctions where these bones meet are called sutures.
Sutures are immobile joints between adjacent bones of the skull. The narrow gap between the bones is filled with dense, fibrous connective tissue that unites the bones. The long sutures located between the skull bones are not straight but instead follow irregular, tightly twisting paths. These twisting lines tightly...
Overview of the Skull01:08

Overview of the Skull

The cranium (skull) is the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain. It is subdivided into the facial bones and the brain case, or cranial vault. The facial bones underlie the facial structures, form the nasal cavity, enclose the eyeballs, and support the teeth of the upper and lower jaws.
The cranial vault surrounds and protects the brain and houses the middle and inner ear structures. This cavity is bounded superiorly by the rounded top of the skull, which...
Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

Cranial Bones: Lateral View

The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View01:14

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View

The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
Muscles for Facial Expressions01:14

Muscles for Facial Expressions

The craniofacial muscles are a collection of approximately 20 thin skeletal muscles situated beneath the skin of the face and scalp. These muscles, primarily responsible for the vast array of human facial expressions, originate from the bones or fibrous structures of the skull and extend outwards to connect with the skin. While most skeletal muscles in the body are enveloped in thick fascia, facial muscles generally have a more delicate fascial covering, with the buccinator muscle being a...
Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification

Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into...

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Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model
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Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model

Published on: November 4, 2025

Psycho-social reflections on craniofacial morphogenesis.

James Partridge1

  • 1Changing Faces, The Squire Centre, London wc1e 6jn, UK. jamesp@changingfaces.org.uk

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology
|January 20, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Psychologists offer vital support for individuals with facial disfigurements, combining personal recovery insights with scientific research. This approach enhances psychosocial interventions and promotes confident living despite societal challenges.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Rehabilitation Psychology
  • Health Psychology

Background:

  • Facial disfigurement presents significant psychosocial challenges across various etiologies (congenital, traumatic, oncological, etc.).
  • Societal attitudes towards disfigurement can negatively impact individuals' quality of life.
  • There is a growing need for effective psychological support and interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the integration of personal recovery experiences with psychological science.
  • To outline the development of improved psychosocial support and interventions for individuals with facial disfigurements.
  • To advocate for comprehensive support systems within healthcare and community settings.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative synthesis of personal recovery narrative.
  • Application of rigorous psychological research principles.
  • Development and implementation of interventions through a non-profit organization and healthcare services.

Main Results:

  • A framework for enhanced psychosocial support has been developed.
  • Interventions combine personal insights with scientific evidence.
  • Successful implementation through Changing Faces and formal healthcare.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals with facial disfigurements require multifaceted support including advice, counseling, and social skills training.
  • A combined approach of personal experience and scientific research is effective in developing interventions.
  • Empowering individuals to live full and confident lives is the ultimate goal.