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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Multiplex PCR Assay for Typing of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome Mec Types I to V in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Multiplex PCR Assay for Typing of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome Mec Types I to V in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Published on: September 5, 2013

Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec-like element in Macrococcus caseolyticus.

Sae Tsubakishita¹, Kyoko Kuwahara-Arai, Tadashi Baba

¹Department of Infection Control Science, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

|January 21, 2010

Summary

Researchers discovered a novel mechanism for generating methicillin resistance genes in Macrococcus caseolyticus, a bacterium found in food animals. This finding sheds light on the origins of mobile resistance elements in staphylococci.

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Published on: March 16, 2012

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Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Multiplex PCR Assay for Typing of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome Mec Types I to V in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Multiplex PCR Assay for Typing of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome Mec Types I to V in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Published on: September 5, 2013

Site-specific Bacterial Chromosome Engineering: ΦC31 Integrase Mediated Cassette Exchange (IMCE)

Site-specific Bacterial Chromosome Engineering: ΦC31 Integrase Mediated Cassette Exchange (IMCE)

Published on: March 16, 2012

Area of Science:

Microbiology
Genetics
Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

Macrococcus, closely related to Staphylococcus, is found on animal skin.
Previous studies identified a mec gene complex transposon in Macrococcus caseolyticus.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the integration and excision mechanism of the mec gene complex transposon (Tn6045) in Macrococcus caseolyticus strain JCSC7096.
To understand the potential generation of novel staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec)-like elements.

Main Methods:

Genome analysis of Macrococcus caseolyticus strains.
Nested PCR experiments to analyze transposon excision.
Characterization of extrachromosomal DNA elements.

Main Results:

The mec transposon (Tn6045) was found integrated into the chromosome of M. caseolyticus JCSC7096, flanked by direct repeats (DRs).
A staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCC) element, SCC(7096), was located adjacent to Tn6045.
The mec transposon was shown to excise singly and co-excise with SCC(7096), forming extrachromosomal SCCmec-like elements.

Conclusions:

Macrococcus caseolyticus harbors a mobile genetic element with potential to generate SCCmec-like structures.
This provides a potential mechanism for the emergence of new methicillin resistance elements in staphylococci.
The findings contribute to understanding the evolution of antimicrobial resistance in food animal-associated bacteria.