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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a clinical review.

S R Pliszka1

  • 1University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio.

American Family Physician
|April 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood psychiatric condition diagnosed using history and rating scales. Stimulant medications are the primary treatment, with referrals for non-responders or those with co-occurring disorders.

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Patterns of psychiatric comorbidity with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America·2000

Area of Science:

  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Pediatric Mental Health

Background:

  • Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder impacting children.
  • Early onset, typically before age seven, characterizes ADHD.
  • Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management and intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnostic criteria for ADHD.
  • To identify preferred pharmacological interventions for ADHD.
  • To establish referral guidelines for complex ADHD cases.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis relies on comprehensive patient history.
  • Standardized rating scales are utilized for assessment.
  • Clinical judgment guides treatment decisions.

Main Results:

  • Stimulant medications are the first-line pharmacotherapy for ADHD.
  • A significant portion of children respond well to stimulant treatment.
  • Non-response or comorbidities necessitate further evaluation.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis and treatment of ADHD are essential.
  • Stimulant pharmacotherapy is effective for many children with ADHD.
  • Referral to mental health specialists is indicated for refractory cases or those with comorbid conditions.

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