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Related Concept Videos

DNA Packaging00:58

DNA Packaging

Overview
DNA Packaging00:58

DNA Packaging

Overview
Chromatin Packaging01:32

Chromatin Packaging

Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base pairs of DNA. Each base pair is 0.34 nm long, meaning each diploid cell contains a staggering 2 meters of DNA. This long DNA strand is packed inside a nucleus measuring only 10-20 microns in diameter with the help of specialized DNA-binding proteins called histones. Together they form a compact DNA-protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin is further compacted into higher-order structures. The highest level of compaction is achieved during...
Chromatin Packaging02:21

Chromatin Packaging

Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base-pairs of DNA. Each base-pair is 0.34 nm long, which means that each diploid cell contains a staggering 2 meters of DNA. How is such a long DNA strand packed inside a nucleus measuring only 10 - 20 microns in diameter? 
The chromatin
In combination with specialized DNA binding protein called Histones, the DNA double helix forms a compact DNA: protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin itself is further compacted into higher-order structures.
Chromatin Packaging02:21

Chromatin Packaging

Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base-pairs of DNA. Each base-pair is 0.34 nm long, which means that each diploid cell contains a staggering 2 meters of DNA. How is such a long DNA strand packed inside a nucleus measuring only 10 - 20 microns in diameter? 
The chromatin
In combination with specialized DNA binding protein called Histones, the DNA double helix forms a compact DNA: protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin itself is further compacted into higher-order structures.
Cis-regulatory Sequences02:02

Cis-regulatory Sequences

Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Electrophoretic Analysis of Replication Through Structure-Prone DNA Repeats Within the SV40-Based Human Episome
05:22

Electrophoretic Analysis of Replication Through Structure-Prone DNA Repeats Within the SV40-Based Human Episome

Published on: September 13, 2024

Repeat performance: how do genome packaging and regulation depend on simple sequence repeats?

Ram Parikshan Kumar1, Ramamoorthy Senthilkumar, Vipin Singh

  • 1Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India.

Bioessays : News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology
|January 22, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Repeats in non-coding DNA act as regulatory landmarks, guiding genome packaging during cellular differentiation. This coordinated regulation of linked genes contributes to the complexity of higher eukaryotes.

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Imaging Replicative Domains in Ultrastructurally Preserved Chromatin by Electron Tomography
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Imaging Replicative Domains in Ultrastructurally Preserved Chromatin by Electron Tomography

Published on: May 20, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Electrophoretic Analysis of Replication Through Structure-Prone DNA Repeats Within the SV40-Based Human Episome
05:22

Electrophoretic Analysis of Replication Through Structure-Prone DNA Repeats Within the SV40-Based Human Episome

Published on: September 13, 2024

Imaging Replicative Domains in Ultrastructurally Preserved Chromatin by Electron Tomography
14:56

Imaging Replicative Domains in Ultrastructurally Preserved Chromatin by Electron Tomography

Published on: May 20, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Non-coding DNA has increased in higher eukaryotes, correlating with organismal complexity.
  • Gene numbers have remained stable, suggesting regulatory sophistication drives complexity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a regulatory role for repetitive DNA sequences in genome packaging during cellular differentiation.
  • To investigate how repeats facilitate coordinated gene regulation.

Main Methods:

  • The study proposes a theoretical framework based on existing genomic and evolutionary data.
  • Focuses on the proposed function of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) as regulatory landmarks.

Main Results:

  • Repeats, particularly SSRs, can serve as common targets for regulatory mechanisms.
  • These repeats can direct regulatory factors to multiple genomic sites efficiently.
  • This allows for coordinated regulation of linked genes.

Conclusions:

  • Repeats contribute to the regulatory potential of non-coding DNA.
  • Repeats play a crucial role in chromatin packaging and compartmentalization during cellular differentiation.
  • This mechanism helps explain how increased non-coding DNA enhances organismal complexity.