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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Published on: February 6, 2019

Monte Carlo-based analytical model for small and variable fields delivered by TomoTherapy.

Edmond Sterpin¹, Brian T Hundertmark, Thomas R Mackie

¹Université Catholique de Louvain, Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Brussels, Belgium. esterpin@yahoo.fr

Radiotherapy and Oncology : Journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology

|January 23, 2010

Summary

A new Monte Carlo (MC) model, TomoPen, accurately simulates small radiation fields for helical TomoTherapy. This advancement enables dynamic jaws in future treatments.

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Area of Science:

Medical Physics
Radiation Oncology
Computational Modeling

Background:

TomoTherapy utilizes Monte Carlo (MC) simulations for treatment planning.
Accurate modeling of small radiation fields is crucial for advanced features like dynamic jaws.

Purpose of the Study:

To extend the validity of the TomoPen MC model for very small radiation fields.
To enable the implementation of dynamic jaws in helical TomoTherapy.

Main Methods:

Revisited electron source modeling using MC simulations and measurements for fields <1cm.
Developed a method using a single phase-space file (5 cm) with interpolated analytical functions for various jaw configurations.

Main Results:

Optimized electron source modeling achieved best results with a 1.1mm spot width.
The single phase-space method demonstrated no significant difference compared to full MC simulations for various field widths.

Conclusions:

The enhanced TomoPen model accurately simulates all jaw openings using a single 5 cm field phase-space file.
A bi-dimensional analytical function effectively accounts for fluence and angular distribution in the longitudinal direction.