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German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with X-rays, and by 1900, X-ray was widely...

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Orthogonal Mirror Telescopes for X-ray Astronomy.

L P Vanspeybroeck, R C Chase, T F Zehnpfennig

|January 23, 2010

Summary

Crossed mirror telescopes offer a new option for x-ray astronomy, providing better x-ray collection but lower resolution than current systems. Their simpler design allows for faster construction, as shown in a recent rocket flight.

Area of Science:

X-ray astronomy
Telescope optics

Background:

Current x-ray astronomy relies on paraboloid-hyperboloid telescopes.
These systems face limitations in x-ray collecting efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

Introduce crossed mirror telescopes as an alternative for x-ray astronomy.
Evaluate their efficiency and resolution compared to conventional designs.

Main Methods:

Conceptual design and analysis of crossed mirror telescope systems.
Comparison with existing paraboloid-hyperboloid telescope performance metrics.
Demonstration via a simplified one-dimensional focusing mirror design in a rocket flight.

Main Results:

Crossed mirror telescopes exhibit higher x-ray collecting efficiency.

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Angular resolution is generally poorer than paraboloid-hyperboloid systems.

Simplified designs enable faster and easier fabrication.

Conclusions:

Crossed mirror telescopes present a viable alternative for specific x-ray astronomy applications.
The trade-off between efficiency and resolution requires consideration.
Ease of manufacturing and rapid deployment are significant advantages.