The mechanism and protection of microgravity induced cardiac remodeling

Prolonged exposure to a microgravity setting results in alterations to the hearts of astronauts. While multiple studies have documented the impact of microgravity on cardiovascular well-being, there is still a deficiency in extensive research regarding the mechanisms behind cardiac damage. In this review, we focus on the structural and functional changes in the heart associated with microgravity conditions, along with the underlying mechanisms that cause cardiac remodeling due to microgravity. We summarize potential protective strategies against microgravity induced cardiac injury. In this way, we aim to present innovative concepts for future mechanistic and therapeutic investigations in microgravity environments.