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Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.

Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers

Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers

Retroviruses are RNA viruses that have been shown to cause cancers in diverse species, including chickens, mice, cats, and monkeys. The RNA genomes of these viruses are first reverse-transcribed into single and then double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) copies. This dsDNA called proviral DNA then integrates into the host genome. Subsequently, the host cell transcribes the proviral DNA in concert with the chromosomal DNA. This leads to the production of viral RNA and proteins that assemble at the host...

Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers

Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers

Retroviruses are RNA viruses that have been shown to cause cancers in diverse species, including chickens, mice, cats, and monkeys. The RNA genomes of these viruses are first reverse-transcribed into single and then double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) copies. This dsDNA called proviral DNA then integrates into the host genome. Subsequently, the host cell transcribes the proviral DNA in concert with the chromosomal DNA. This leads to the production of viral RNA and proteins that assemble at the host...

Human Virome

Human Virome

The human body harbors a vast and diverse viral community known as the human virome. The virome includes bacteriophages that infect bacteria, and eukaryotic viruses that infect human cells. Transient dietary and environmental viruses also contribute to this dynamic ecosystem. Estimates suggest the human body may contain on the order of 10¹³ viral particles, though abundance varies widely by body site and detection method.Comprehensive characterization of the virome has become possible only with...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues

An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues

Published on: April 5, 2018

Viral epigenomes in human tumorigenesis.

A F Fernandez¹, M Esteller

¹Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08907 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

|January 27, 2010

Summary

Viruses contribute to human cancers by altering gene expression epigenetically. This review explores viral epigenetics, host genome changes, and their role in tumorigenesis, offering potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Area of Science:

Oncology
Virology
Epigenetics

Background:

Viruses are linked to 15-20% of human cancers globally.
Research has focused on genetic mechanisms of viral oncogenesis.
Epigenetics' role in gene regulation necessitates investigating virus-host interactions at this level.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize epigenetic information of cancer-associated viruses.
To review viral replication, latency, and epigenetic changes.
To examine host epigenetic alterations and their link to cancer.

Main Methods:

Literature review of published epigenetic data.
Analysis of epigenetic modifications in viral and host genomes.
Synthesis of current knowledge on viral epigenetics and cancer.

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Exploring m6A and m5C Epitranscriptomes upon Viral Infection: an Example with HIV

Exploring m⁶A and m⁵C Epitranscriptomes upon Viral Infection: an Example with HIV

Published on: March 5, 2022

Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation

Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation

Published on: January 2, 2009

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues

An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues

Published on: April 5, 2018

Exploring m6A and m5C Epitranscriptomes upon Viral Infection: an Example with HIV

Exploring m⁶A and m⁵C Epitranscriptomes upon Viral Infection: an Example with HIV

Published on: March 5, 2022

Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation

Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation

Published on: January 2, 2009

Main Results:

Epigenetic features of cancer-causing viruses are increasingly characterized.
Epigenetic changes influence viral replication and latency.
Host genome epigenetic alterations are implicated in tumorigenesis.

Conclusions:

Understanding viral epigenetics enhances knowledge of oncogenic mechanisms.
Epigenetic markers in viral genomes could aid cancer progression monitoring.
Epigenetic insights offer novel therapeutic avenues for virus-associated cancers.