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Related Concept Videos

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...
Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output01:22

Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output

Cardiac output (CO), the amount of blood the heart pumps per minute, is a parameter in cardiovascular physiology determined by stroke volume and heart rate. Stroke volume, the amount of blood pushed from one of the ventricles per heartbeat, is influenced by preload, afterload, and contractility.
Preload
Preload refers to the initial elongation of the cardiac myocytes before contraction and is related to the volume of blood filling the heart at the end of diastole, or end-diastolic volume. The...
Cardiac Output and Stroke Volume01:11

Cardiac Output and Stroke Volume

Cardiac output (CO) is an integral aspect of human physiology, reflecting the heart's efficiency and responsiveness to the body's needs. It represents the volume of blood that the left or right ventricle ejects into the aorta or pulmonary trunk each minute. The CO is calculated by multiplying the heart rate (HR)—the number of heartbeats per minute—by the stroke volume (SV)—the amount of blood pumped out with each heartbeat.
In an average resting adult male, the typical cardiac output averages...
Assessment of the Cardiovascular System I: Subjective Data01:23

Assessment of the Cardiovascular System I: Subjective Data

A thorough health history and physical assessment are essential for identifying cardiovascular disease (CVD) symptoms and distinguishing them from other health issues.
Initial Enquiry
Ask the patient about their primary concern and thoroughly explore all reported symptoms.
Medical History
Investigate past illnesses affecting the cardiovascular system, such as angina, anemia, rheumatic fever, congenital heart disease, stroke, thrombophlebitis, dysrhythmias, varicosities
Inquire about symptoms...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

In Vivo Telemetry to Record Long-Term Cardiovascular Parameters, Temperature, and Activity in Spinal Cord Injury Rat Models
09:22

In Vivo Telemetry to Record Long-Term Cardiovascular Parameters, Temperature, and Activity in Spinal Cord Injury Rat Models

Published on: January 2, 2026

International spinal cord injury cardiovascular function basic data set.

A Krassioukov1, M S Alexander, A-K Karlsson

  • 1International Collaboration On Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia and Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. krassioukov@icord.org

Spinal Cord
|January 27, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new International Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) Cardiovascular Function Basic Data Set was developed to standardize data collection for SCI patients. This ensures consistent monitoring of cardiovascular health following spinal cord injury.

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Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

In Vivo Telemetry to Record Long-Term Cardiovascular Parameters, Temperature, and Activity in Spinal Cord Injury Rat Models
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An In Vivo Duo-color Method for Imaging Vascular Dynamics Following Contusive Spinal Cord Injury

Published on: December 31, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Cardiology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Spinal cord injury (SCI) significantly impacts cardiovascular function.
  • Standardized data collection is crucial for understanding and managing SCI-related cardiovascular complications.
  • Existing data collection methods lack uniformity, hindering comparative research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a globally recognized International Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) Cardiovascular Function Basic Data Set.
  • To create a standardized framework for collecting essential cardiovascular data in SCI individuals.
  • To promote uniformity and comparability in SCI cardiovascular research.

Main Methods:

  • An international working group, including representatives from ASIA and ISCoS, developed the data set.
  • The data set underwent multiple review stages involving various international organizations and experts.
  • Variables and response categories were precisely defined to ensure data consistency.

Main Results:

  • The International SCI Cardiovascular Function Basic Data Set includes variables on patient history, post-injury cardiovascular events, and current function.
  • Objective measures such as pulse and blood pressure are incorporated.
  • Detailed instructions and the data sheet are accessible online via ISCoS and ASIA websites.

Conclusions:

  • The developed data set provides a uniform minimum data set for SCI cardiovascular function.
  • This standardization will facilitate improved data collection, reporting, and research in the field.
  • The accessibility of the data set promotes widespread adoption and collaboration.