Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
Complement System01:27

Complement System

The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a membrane...
Chronic Pharyngitis01:23

Chronic Pharyngitis

Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.01:25

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.

Understanding the variety of primary symptoms and systemic complications that characterize chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial for healthcare professionals.
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation: Introduction01:12

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Therapeutic priming of liver regeneration: from mechanisms to <i>ex vivo</i> machine perfusion.

Frontiers in transplantation·2026
Same author

Superior Labial Artery Flap for Septal Perforation Repair: The Boxer's Flap.

The Laryngoscope·2026
Same author

Correlation of Patient-Reported Symptoms With Rhinogram Features Beyond Simple Airway Resistance.

The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology·2026
Same author

Alveolus-on-a-chip: A Novel Tool for Modeling Lung Transplant Cold Storage Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.

Transplantation·2026
Same author

Nebulized mitochondrial transplantation attenuates inflammation and improves graft function in a murine donation after cardiac death lung transplant model.

Transplant immunology·2026
Same author

Extent of Sinus Surgery Is Associated With Disease Control in Biologic Treated Type 2 Dominant CRS.

International forum of allergy & rhinology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Absorption of Nasal and Bronchial Fluids: Precision Sampling of the Human Respiratory Mucosa and Laboratory Processing of Samples
11:54

Absorption of Nasal and Bronchial Fluids: Precision Sampling of the Human Respiratory Mucosa and Laboratory Processing of Samples

Published on: January 21, 2018

Alterations in gene expression of complement components in chronic rhinosinusitis.

Rodney J Schlosser1, Ryan M Mulligan, Sarah E Casey

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA. schlossr@musc.edu

American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy
|January 30, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) involves an overactive complement system, particularly the alternative pathway (factor B) and common pathways (C3, C5). This enhanced innate immune response may drive inflammation and offers future therapeutic targets.

More Related Videos

Immunofluorescent Labeling in Nasal Mucosa Tissue Sections of Allergic Rhinitis Rats via Multicolor Immunoassay
06:08

Immunofluorescent Labeling in Nasal Mucosa Tissue Sections of Allergic Rhinitis Rats via Multicolor Immunoassay

Published on: September 22, 2023

Isolation and Quantitative Evaluation of Brush Cells from Mouse Tracheas
10:25

Isolation and Quantitative Evaluation of Brush Cells from Mouse Tracheas

Published on: June 12, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Absorption of Nasal and Bronchial Fluids: Precision Sampling of the Human Respiratory Mucosa and Laboratory Processing of Samples
11:54

Absorption of Nasal and Bronchial Fluids: Precision Sampling of the Human Respiratory Mucosa and Laboratory Processing of Samples

Published on: January 21, 2018

Immunofluorescent Labeling in Nasal Mucosa Tissue Sections of Allergic Rhinitis Rats via Multicolor Immunoassay
06:08

Immunofluorescent Labeling in Nasal Mucosa Tissue Sections of Allergic Rhinitis Rats via Multicolor Immunoassay

Published on: September 22, 2023

Isolation and Quantitative Evaluation of Brush Cells from Mouse Tracheas
10:25

Isolation and Quantitative Evaluation of Brush Cells from Mouse Tracheas

Published on: June 12, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Otorhinolaryngology

Background:

  • The complement cascade is a key part of the innate immune response in the airway.
  • While essential for homeostasis, excessive complement activation can cause inflammation and disease.
  • The role of complement in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the complement pathway in the innate immune response in patients with allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) and CRS without nasal polyps (CRS-NPs).

Main Methods:

  • Gene and protein expression of complement proteins C3, factor B (fB), C5, and C7 were analyzed in sinus mucosa biopsy specimens.
  • Techniques included quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry.
  • Specimens were obtained from patients with AFRS, CRS-NPs, and healthy controls.

Main Results:

  • Gene expression of fB, C3, and C5 was significantly increased in both AFRS and CRS-NPs compared to controls.
  • C7 expression was not significantly increased and was reduced in AFRS patients.
  • C3 and fB proteins were detected in the mucosa of AFRS and CRS-NPs, but not controls. C9 was not detected.

Conclusions:

  • Both AFRS and CRS-NPs show an up-regulation of the complement pathway, specifically the alternative (fB) and common (C3, C5) pathways.
  • These complement alterations suggest an enhanced innate immune response contributing to CRS inflammation.
  • The findings highlight potential future therapeutic targets for CRS.