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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
Large Intestine01:09

Large Intestine

The large intestine is divided into three main regions: the cecum, colon, and rectum. Extending from the ileocecal valve to the anus, it frames the small intestine on three sides.
The ileocecal sphincter, a mucous membrane fold, guards the opening from the ileum to the large intestine. This valve permits material from the small intestine to pass into the large intestine. Attached to the ileocecal valve is the cecum. This small pouch, approximately 6 cm long, has a twisted, coiled tube known as...
Muscles of the Pelvic Floor and Perineum01:26

Muscles of the Pelvic Floor and Perineum

The muscles of the pelvic floor and perineum are crucial for supporting the pelvic organs, controlling continence, and aiding in sexual function, childbirth, and core stability. They are typically divided into the superficial perineal layer and the deep pelvic floor layer.
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
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Feces Formation and Defecation01:26

Feces Formation and Defecation

After spending 3 to 10 hours in the large intestine, chyme loses a lot of water and becomes feces, the final product of digestion. Feces consist of undigested dietary fiber such as cellulose, mucus, sloughed-off epithelial cells, and microbes. The descending and sigmoid colon stores feces and uses haustral contractions to dry it out but retains enough water to give it a semi-solid texture.
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Oral Cavity01:11

Oral Cavity

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Updated: Jun 16, 2026

The C-seal: A Biofragmentable Drain Protecting the Stapled Colorectal Anastomosis from Leakage
07:51

The C-seal: A Biofragmentable Drain Protecting the Stapled Colorectal Anastomosis from Leakage

Published on: November 4, 2010

Anal fissure.

Daniel O Herzig1, Kim C Lu

  • 1Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code L-223A, Portland, OR 97239, USA. herzigd@ohsu.edu

The Surgical Clinics of North America
|January 30, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Anal fissures are common. Acute cases respond to conservative treatment, while chronic anal fissures may need medical or surgical intervention for effective management and prevention.

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Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

The C-seal: A Biofragmentable Drain Protecting the Stapled Colorectal Anastomosis from Leakage
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Surgical Robot-Assisted Transanal Specimen Extraction Radical Sigmoidectomy Without an Auxiliary Abdominal Incision
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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Colorectal Surgery

Background:

  • Anal fissures are a prevalent anorectal condition.
  • Acute fissures often resolve with conservative management.
  • Chronic fissures present distinct therapeutic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline nonoperative and operative strategies for anal fissure management.
  • To review the literature on expected outcomes for various treatments.
  • To offer guidance for managing anal fissures in special patient populations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current medical literature on anal fissure treatment.
  • Analysis of conservative and surgical therapeutic modalities.
  • Discussion of evidence-based outcomes and clinical guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Conservative measures are effective for acute anal fissures.
  • Chronic anal fissures frequently necessitate medical or surgical therapies.
  • Specific considerations are required for patients with inflammatory bowel disease or hypotonic sphincters.

Conclusions:

  • Tailored management strategies are crucial for anal fissure treatment.
  • Understanding outcomes informs therapeutic decision-making.
  • Specialized approaches are vital for complex anal fissure cases.