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Idiopathic intracranial hypertension.
1Department of Neurology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Neurologic Clinics
|February 1, 1991
Summary
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) causes vision loss, potentially leading to blindness. Key associations include obesity and weight gain, with management focused on preventing visual impairment.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Ophthalmology
Background:
- Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a condition with obscure causes, often leading to significant visual impairment and potential blindness.
- Accurate diagnosis relies on the modified Dandy criteria.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and clarify the established associations and diagnostic criteria for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH).
- To emphasize effective management strategies for preventing or reversing visual loss in IIH patients.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent case-control studies.
- Analysis of frequently cited conditions associated with IIH.
- Evaluation of diagnostic criteria and management strategies.
Main Results:
- Recent studies question many previously assumed IIH associations.
- Confirmed valid associations include obesity, recent weight gain, female sex, vitamin A intoxication, and steroid withdrawal.
- Serial perimetry is crucial for guiding therapy.
Conclusions:
- Diagnosis of IIH requires adherence to modified Dandy criteria.
- Management should prioritize sensitive, disease-specific strategies for visual function monitoring.
- Prompt and appropriate management can prevent or reverse visual loss in IIH.