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Related Concept Videos

Distribution of Stresses in a Narrow Rectangular Beam01:11

Distribution of Stresses in a Narrow Rectangular Beam

In studying beam stress distribution, examining an elemental section is essential. To determine the average shearing stress on this face, the calculated shear is divided by the surface area. Importantly, shearing stresses on the beam's transverse and horizontal planes mirror each other, indicating a consistent stress distribution along the upper region of the beam. Notably, shearing stresses are absent at the beam's upper and lower surfaces due to the absence of applied forces in these areas.
Gauss's Law: Spherical Symmetry01:26

Gauss's Law: Spherical Symmetry

A charge distribution has spherical symmetry if the density of charge depends only on the distance from a point in space and not on the direction. In other words, if the system is rotated, it doesn't look different. For instance, if a sphere of radius R is uniformly charged with charge density ρ0, then the distribution has spherical symmetry. On the other hand, if a sphere of radius R is charged so that the top half of the sphere has a uniform charge density ρ1 and the bottom half has a uniform...
Reflective Property of Parabolas01:26

Reflective Property of Parabolas

A parabola is a basic type of conic section that results from the intersection of a plane with a double-napped cone in a direction parallel to one of the cone's sides. This U-shaped curve has a distinctive reflective property: all incoming rays parallel to its axis of symmetry are directed toward a single point, known as the focus. This property is widely utilized in optical and communication technologies that require precise signal concentration.In analytic geometry, a parabola is defined as...
Beams with Unsymmetric Loadings01:17

Beams with Unsymmetric Loadings

Analyzing a supported beam under unsymmetrical loadings is essential in structural engineering to understand how beams respond to varied force distributions. This analysis involves calculating the deflection and identifying points where the slope of the beam is zero, which are crucial for ensuring structural stability and functionality.
The first moment-area theorem determines the slope at any point on the beam. This theorem indicates that the change in slope between two points on a beam...
Beams with Symmetric Loadings01:15

Beams with Symmetric Loadings

The moment-area method is an analytical tool used in structural engineering to determine the slope and deflection of beams under various loads. Consider a cantilever with a concentrated load and moment at the free end. The first step is constructing a free-body diagram to calculate the reactions at the fixed end. Next, the bending moment diagram is plotted to visualize how the bending moment varies along the beam's length, focusing on points where the bending moment equals zero.
The M/EI...
Design of Prismatic Beams for Bending01:23

Design of Prismatic Beams for Bending

The design of prismatic beams, structural elements with a uniform cross-section, focuses on ensuring safety and structural integrity under load. The design process begins by determining the allowable stress, either from material properties tables, or by dividing the material's ultimate strength by a safety factor. This safety factor is essential for accommodating uncertainties, and varies depending on the material—timber, steel, or concrete—with each having unique strength and stress...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
12:14

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

Published on: August 12, 2013

Parametric study of apertured focused gaussian beams.

D A Holmes, J E Korka, P V Avizonis

    Applied Optics
    |January 30, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    Calculations of Gaussian beams focused through annular apertures reveal asymmetric irradiance distributions near the focal plane in large focal length infrared systems. These findings challenge common assumptions about symmetry in optical system design.

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Electromagnetism
    • Infrared Systems

    Background:

    • Gaussian beams are fundamental in laser optics.
    • Annular apertures are used to modify beam profiles.
    • Near-field and focal region optics are critical for system performance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To calculate irradiance and power distributions for Gaussian beams focused through annular apertures.
    • To investigate the near-field and focal vicinity.
    • To analyze the impact of large focal lengths and aberrations on beam symmetry.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized Fresnel diffraction integrals for calculations.
    • Developed universal curves using dimensionless parameters.
    • Incorporated Gaussian and sinusoidal phase aberrations.

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    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
    12:14

    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

    Published on: August 12, 2013

    Measurement of Scattering Nonlinearities from a Single Plasmonic Nanoparticle
    15:06

    Measurement of Scattering Nonlinearities from a Single Plasmonic Nanoparticle

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    Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station
    05:57

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    Main Results:

    • Plotted irradiance and power distributions in dimensionless parameters.
    • Discovered asymmetrical irradiance distribution about the focal plane for large focal length infrared systems.
    • Quantified the effects of aberrations on the beam profile.

    Conclusions:

    • The common assumption of focal plane symmetry is invalid for certain infrared systems.
    • Asymmetry arises from large focal lengths and annular apertures.
    • Aberrations further influence the beam's spatial distribution.