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Inhibition of lymphocyte blastogenesis by whey.

O Barta1, V D Barta, M V Crisman

  • 1Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061.

American Journal of Veterinary Research
|February 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Bovine mastitis whey significantly inhibits lymphocyte DNA synthesis and blastogenesis. This effect, mediated by non-cytotoxic glycoproteins, is dose-dependent and influenced by whey preparation methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Immunology
  • Dairy Science
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Bovine mastitis is a significant concern in dairy farming.
  • Understanding the immunological impact of mammary secretions is crucial for disease management.
  • Lymphocyte function is a key indicator of immune status.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of bovine whey on lymphocyte blastogenesis.
  • To characterize the inhibitory components in whey from mastitic cows.
  • To determine the mechanism of whey-induced immunosuppression.

Main Methods:

  • Lymphocyte-transformation tests were performed on bovine whey samples.
  • DNA synthesis and blastogenesis were measured in lymphocytes stimulated with mitogens or bovine leukemia virus.

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  • Inhibitory molecules were tested for cytotoxicity, binding, and susceptibility to enzymatic degradation.
  • The timing of whey exposure during lymphocyte stimulation was evaluated.

    • Main Results:

    • Whey from clinical mastitis cases strongly inhibited lymphocyte DNA synthesis and blastogenesis.
    • Whey from healthy glands showed minimal or no inhibitory effects.
    • Inhibition was dose-dependent, non-cytotoxic, and involved minimal lymphocyte binding.
    • Inhibitory factors were sensitive to proteolytic and glycolytic enzymes, suggesting a glycoprotein nature.
    • Whey inhibited early-stage thymidine incorporation, but pre-incubation did not affect subsequent DNA synthesis.

    Conclusions:

    • Bovine whey, particularly from mastitic glands, contains immunosuppressive factors that impair lymphocyte function.
    • These factors are likely glycoproteins and their inhibitory action is stage-specific during lymphocyte activation.
    • Whey preparation methods can influence the observed inhibitory effects, highlighting the need for standardized assessment.