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Related Concept Videos

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature01:13

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature

Body temperature can be assessed using various devices and measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
Glass-bulb Thermometer:
Glass-bulb thermometers are hollow glass tubes with a bulb tip containing liquid such as ethanol or mercury. Historically, glass bulb mercury thermometers were the standard device to measure body temperature. Today, mercury thermometers are prohibited in many countries due to the hazardous effects of mercury and the risk of exposure if the glass bulb breaks. In general,...
Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
Thermosensation01:43

Thermosensation

Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery01:19

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery

Here is a stepwise guide to assessing the body temperature at the temporal artery using a temporal artery thermometer
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don a fresh pair of gloves to prevent cross-infection and ensure patient safety.
Step 2: Explain the procedure to the patient to establish trust. Clear communication establishes trust with the patient, ensures they understand what to expect, promotes cooperation, and enhances comfort during the procedure.  
Step 3: Assess the patient's forehead...
Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane

Assessing tympanic membrane temperature involves using a tympanic membrane thermometer (TMT). Here is a step-by-step guide:
Step 1: Begin by practicing good hand hygiene to prevent the transmission of microorganisms.
Step 2: Turn on the thermometer and wait until the ready sign appears on the screen to ensure accurate measurement.
Step 3: Slide the probe cover in place to prevent cross-contamination.
Step 4: Instruct the patient to tilt their head to the side for comfort and check for cerumen...
Assessing Body Temperature - Rectal01:27

Assessing Body Temperature - Rectal

Rectal temperature measurement is considered the most precise method for assessing core body temperature and typically registers higher than oral temperature. For adults, the rectal thermometer should be inserted 1 to 1.5 inches into the rectum to obtain the most accurate reading.
Follow these steps for rectal temperature assessment:
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don clean gloves to prevent cross-infection.
Step 2: Position the patient in a side-lying position to better visualize the rectal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Precision Implementation of Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing to Assess Individual Variation in Human Inflammatory Response
06:31

Precision Implementation of Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing to Assess Individual Variation in Human Inflammatory Response

Published on: October 3, 2019

Telethermography: an objective method for evaluating patch test reactions.

Luigi Laino1, Aldo Di Carlo

  • 1The San Gallicano Dermatological Institute for Research and Care, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy. laino@ifo.it

European Journal of Dermatology : EJD
|February 4, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Telethermography (TT) offers objective evaluation for allergic contact dermatitis patch tests. This non-invasive imaging technique identifies unique thermal patterns in allergic reactions, aiding diagnosis, especially in difficult cases.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Patch testing is crucial for diagnosing allergic contact dermatitis.
  • Clinical assessment of patch tests can be challenging, particularly in atopic or individuals with darker skin tones.
  • Telethermography (TT) is a non-invasive imaging method for assessing thermal gradients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the applicability of telethermography (TT) for objective assessment of patch tests in allergic contact dermatitis.
  • To differentiate thermal patterns between allergic reactions and irritant reactions.

Main Methods:

  • 34 individuals with nickel sulfate allergy underwent patch testing with nickel sulfate and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS).
  • 30 non-allergic individuals underwent patch testing with 1% SLS as a control.
  • Telethermography was used to record thermal patterns following patch application.

Main Results:

  • Allergic reactions to nickel sulfate showed a distinct thermal pattern: a 'hot' area extending beyond the patch site towards lymph nodes.
  • Irritant reactions to SLS exhibited a 'hot' area confined to the patch site with lower thermal gradients.
  • TT identified characteristic thermographic differences between allergic and irritant patch test responses.

Conclusions:

  • Telethermography provides an objective method for evaluating patch tests in allergic contact dermatitis.
  • TT can be a valuable complementary tool for dermatologists, improving diagnostic accuracy.
  • The unique thermal signature of allergic reactions observed with TT aids in differentiating them from irritant responses.