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Monitoring the Assembly of a Secreted Bacterial Virulence Factor Using Site-specific Crosslinking
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Conformation change in a self-recognizing autotransporter modulates bacterial cell-cell interaction.

Victoria Girard1, Jean-Philippe Côté, Marie-Eve Charbonneau

  • 1Canada Research Chair on Bacterial Animal Diseases, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 7C6, Canaada.

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The adhesin involved in diffuse adherence (AIDA-I) protein self-associates, enabling pathogenic bacteria to form multicellular communities. Environmental factors like salt and bile salts can modulate this bacterial aggregation mechanism.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Bacteria, though unicellular, often form complex multicellular communities.
  • Mechanisms governing bacterial community organization are not fully understood.
  • The adhesin involved in diffuse adherence (AIDA-I) from diarrheagenic Escherichia coli mediates auto-aggregation and biofilm formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the self-interaction mechanism of AIDA-I.
  • To elucidate how AIDA-I contributes to bacterial community formation.
  • To identify environmental factors influencing AIDA-I-mediated aggregation.

Main Methods:

  • Purified protein and whole bacteria were used.
  • Biophysical and biochemical techniques were employed.
  • Analysis of protein conformational changes during self-interaction.

Main Results:

  • AIDA-I directly promotes bacterial auto-aggregation through self-interaction.
  • AIDA-I self-association exhibits high affinity and involves a conformational change.
  • Sodium chloride and sodium deoxycholate modulate AIDA-I oligomerization and bacterial aggregation.

Conclusions:

  • AIDA-I organizes bacterial communities via a specific, environmentally sensitive self-recognition mechanism.
  • This self-association allows bacteria to potentially switch between unicellular and multicellular lifestyles.
  • Similar autotransporters like Antigen 43 (Ag43) likely utilize analogous mechanisms.