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Related Concept Videos

Uncertainty in Measurement: Reading Instruments02:46

Uncertainty in Measurement: Reading Instruments

Counting is the type of measurement that is free from uncertainty, provided the number of objects being counted does not change during the process. Such measurements result in exact numbers. By counting the eggs in a carton, for instance, one can determine exactly how many eggs are there in the carton. Similarly, the numbers of defined quantities are also exact. For example, 1 foot is exactly 12 inches, 1 inch is exactly 2.54 centimeters, and 1 gram is exactly 0.001 kilograms. Quantities...
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Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Tomato Analyzer: A Useful Software Application to Collect Accurate and Detailed Morphological and Colorimetric Data from Two-dimensional Objects
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Published on: March 16, 2010

Comparative performance of color-measuring instruments; second report.

F W Billmeyer, E D Campbell, R T Marcus

    Applied Optics
    |February 4, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Twelve color-measuring instruments were evaluated for precision and accuracy. The GE spectrophotometer, Hunterlab D25D colorimeter, and Kollmorgen abridged spectrophotometers showed the best performance in color measurement.

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    Area of Science:

    • Color Science
    • Metrology
    • Instrument Performance Evaluation

    Background:

    • Accurate color measurement is critical across various industries.
    • Previous studies have evaluated color-measuring instruments, necessitating updated comparisons with late-model devices.
    • Standardization of color measurement relies on precise and conforming instrumentation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To comparatively assess the precision and conformance of twelve late-model color-measuring instruments.
    • To evaluate both color measurement and color-difference measurement capabilities.
    • To identify instruments demonstrating superior performance for reliable color analysis.

    Main Methods:

    • Testing of twelve instruments: four true spectrophotometers, two abridged spectrophotometers, and six colorimeters (integrating sphere and 45°/0° geometries).
    • Individual calibration of colorimeters for conformance to CIE coordinates.
    • Measurement of forty-four samples by three trained operators on each instrument, with triplicate readings.

    Main Results:

    • The GE spectrophotometer, Hunterlab D25D colorimeter, and Kollmorgen KCS-18/KCS-40 abridged spectrophotometers exhibited the best overall performance.
    • Precision (short-term repeatability) and conformance to reference standards were key performance indicators.
    • Improved statistical analysis provided refined performance data compared to previous studies.

    Conclusions:

    • Specific spectrophotometers and colorimeters offer superior performance for accurate color measurement.
    • Instrument selection significantly impacts the reliability of color and color-difference data.
    • Continued evaluation of color-measuring instruments is essential for maintaining industry standards.