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Related Concept Videos

Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
Disorders of the Male Reproductive System01:20

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra. Symptoms...
Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
Amebiasis01:28

Amebiasis

Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...
Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis01:37

Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis

The response to stress—be it physical or psychological, acute or chronic—involves activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. The HPA axis is part of the neuroendocrine system because it involves both neuronal and hormonal communication. Its function is to regulate homeostatic systems—metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune—providing the necessary means to respond to a stressor.
Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...

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Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Peptide-based Identification of Functional Motifs and their Binding Partners
14:28

Peptide-based Identification of Functional Motifs and their Binding Partners

Published on: June 30, 2013

[Gonadotrophic axis dysfunction in men with HIV-infection/aids].

Clarisse Mourão Melo Ponte1, Maria Helane Costa Gurgel, Renan Magalhães Montenegro

  • 1Ambulatório de Distúrbios Endócrino-Metabólicos em HIV/Aids, Hospital São José de Doenças Infecciosas, Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Ceará.

Arquivos Brasileiros De Endocrinologia E Metabologia
|February 4, 2010
PubMed
Summary

HIV infection can cause gonadotrophic axis dysfunction in men, leading to low testosterone. Testosterone replacement therapy can improve body composition, bone density, and quality of life in these patients.

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Collection, Isolation, and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Samples
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Collection, Isolation, and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Samples

Published on: July 6, 2014

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Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Peptide-based Identification of Functional Motifs and their Binding Partners
14:28

Peptide-based Identification of Functional Motifs and their Binding Partners

Published on: June 30, 2013

Collection, Isolation, and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Samples
12:34

Collection, Isolation, and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Samples

Published on: July 6, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Men's Health

Context:

  • Gonadotrophic axis dysfunction is prevalent in HIV-infected individuals.
  • Pathogenesis involves multifactorial causes including viral effects, medications, and comorbidities.
  • Low testosterone (hypogonadism) in men with HIV is linked to adverse health outcomes.

Purpose:

  • To review current epidemiologic data on male gonadotrophic axis abnormalities in HIV.
  • To discuss the pathophysiology of these hormonal imbalances.
  • To outline treatment strategies for HIV-associated hypogonadism.

Summary:

  • HIV infection impacts the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, frequently causing hypogonadism in men.
  • Symptoms include loss of muscle mass, decreased bone density, fatigue, and depression.
  • Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) offers significant benefits for metabolic profile, body composition, bone health, and psychological well-being.

Impact:

  • Highlights the importance of monitoring and managing hypogonadism in HIV-infected men.
  • Provides an update on therapeutic interventions for improving patient outcomes.
  • Emphasizes the role of TRT in enhancing the quality of life for affected individuals.