Recommendations for fluorescence instrument qualification: the new ASTM Standard Guide
Paul C DeRose1, Ute Resch-Genger
1National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Dr., Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8312, USA. paul.derose@nist.gov
Analytical Chemistry
|February 9, 2010
Summary
ASTM International is releasing a Standard Guide for Fluorescence to enhance quality assurance in fluorometry. This guide provides procedures for instrument characterization and performance verification, aiding fluorescence measurement standardization.
Area of Science:
- Analytical Chemistry
- Spectroscopy
Background:
- Modern fluorescence techniques require robust quality assurance and accurate quantitation.
- Standardization is crucial for reliable and reproducible fluorescence measurements across different laboratories and instruments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the upcoming ASTM International Standard Guide for Fluorescence.
- To highlight the guide's focus on steady-state fluorometry and instrument characterization.
- To emphasize the guide's role in improving fluorescence measurement standardization.
Main Methods:
- Discussion of available standards and instrument characterization procedures for steady-state fluorometry.
- Identification of key instrument properties requiring qualification (e.g., linearity, spectral responsivity, wavelength accuracy).
- Brief introduction to procedures for determining fluorescence quantum yields and lifetimes.
Main Results:
- The guide details essential instrument properties for qualification and performance verification.
- Procedures are adaptable to various fluorescence techniques beyond steady-state fluorometry.
- The guide offers instructions for use, suitability, and purpose of discussed standards.
Conclusions:
- The ASTM Standard Guide for Fluorescence aims to improve quality assurance and quantitation in fluorescence techniques.
- It serves as a reference for users of fluorescence instrumentation, promoting standardization.
- The guide addresses critical aspects of instrument performance and measurement reliability.
Related Concept Videos
Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: Instrumentation
Fluorometers and spectrofluorometers are two types of instruments used for measuring molecular fluorescence. These instruments differ in how they select excitation and emission wavelengths and the type of light sources they utilize. Fluorometers use absorption interference filters to choose excitation and emission wavelengths. The excitation source in a fluorometer is typically a low-pressure mercury vapor lamp that emits intense lines distributed throughout the ultraviolet and visible regions.
Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy
Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS) is an analytical technique that involves the electronic transitions of atoms in a flame, furnace, or plasma being excited by electromagnetic (EM) radiation. When these atoms absorb energy, they become excited and subsequently release energy as they return to their original state. This emitted light, or "fluorescence," is observed at a right angle to the incident beam. Both absorption and emission processes transpire at distinct wavelengths, which are...
Flame Photometry: Overview
Flame photometry, also known as flame emission spectrometry, is a technique used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of elements present in a sample using a flame as the source of excitation energy. The concept of flame photometry was realized in the early 1860s by Kirchhoff and Bunsen, who discovered that specific elements emit characteristic radiation when excited in flames. The first instrument developed for this purpose was used to measure sodium (Na) in plant ash using a Bunsen...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation
An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
The atomizer used in AAS can be either a flame atomizer or an...
The atomizer used in AAS can be either a flame atomizer or an...
Flame Photometry: Lab
In a flame photometer, when a solution like potassium chloride is aspirated into the flame, the solvent evaporates, leaving behind dehydrated salt. This salt dissociates into free gaseous atoms in their ground state. Some of these atoms absorb energy from the flame, leading to their excitation. The excited atoms return to the ground state, emitting photons at characteristic wavelengths. Because only electronic transitions are involved, the resulting emission lines are very narrow. The intensity...
Atomic Spectroscopy: Absorption, Emission, and Fluorescence
Atomic spectroscopy is a vital tool in elemental analysis, both qualitatively and quantitatively. It can be broadly divided into optical spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and X-ray spectroscopy methods. The optical spectroscopic methods are atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), and atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS). The first step in all three methods is atomization, where the solid, liquid, or solution-phase samples are converted into gas-phase atoms and...


