[Clinical analysis of macular disease involved by Coats disease]

To study the characteristic and rule of macular disease involved by Coats disease and macular changes after photocoagulation.

A retrospective study was performed on patients firstly diagnosis in our hospital from October 2004 to June 2007. 25 cases (26 eyes) were included in this study. Enrollment criteria: all the cases had examination of regular anterior segment and indirect biomicroscopy associated with fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography. The relationship among macular disease extent, distance from macular to peripheral disease, ratio of retinal vessel leakage scale to the whole retina, and different age group was analyzed through cumulative odds logistic regression with SAS 8.0.

The distance between the border of macular disease and posterior border of peripheral leakage ranges from 0-9 PD. There was negative relationship between macular disease extent and the distance from macular to peripheral disease (chi(2) = 7.3212, P = 0.0068). The ratio of retinal leakage scale to the whole retina ranges from 1/8 to 1/1. There was positive relationship between macular disease extent and ratio of retinal vessel leakage scale to the whole retina (chi(2) = 4.8853, P = 0.0271). Macular disease extent shows no significant difference between different age group (chi(2) = 0.1491, P = 0.6994). The follow-up time after photocoagulation range from 1 to 4 years. 10 cases (11 eyes) of macular edema complicated with hard exudate showed apparent decrease in size and extent of macular disease. The best corrected visual acuity stay unchanged or get better.

Macular disease involved in Coats disease progresses from peripheral fundus to posterior pole, early diagnosis and treatment can avoid or reduce the incidence of macular disease. The key point of treatment is to photocoagulated the dilated blood vessel.