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Published on: May 6, 2019
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in tumor induced tolerance
1Department of Hematology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is upregulated in tumors, contributing to tumor-induced tolerance. A feedback system between IDO and regulatory T cells plays a key role in this acquired tolerance mechanism.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cancer Biology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is an enzyme with critical roles in immune regulation.
- Tumor-induced tolerance is a major hurdle in effective cancer immunotherapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent studies on the role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) in the development of tumor-induced tolerance.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted using Medline for articles published between 1978 and 2009.
- Articles focusing on the relationship between IDO and tumor-induced tolerance were selected, with 50 articles specifically addressing the study's purpose.
Main Results:
- IDO is found at high concentrations in tumors and tumor-draining lymph nodes.
- A strong correlation exists between IDO activity and the presence and function of regulatory T cells.
Conclusions:
- The upregulation of IDO is a confirmed mechanism contributing to acquired immune tolerance in the tumor microenvironment.
- A positive feedback loop between IDO and regulatory T cells is implicated as a significant factor in tumor tolerance.
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