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Fish oil regulates cell proliferation, protect DNA damages and decrease HER-2/neu and c-Myc protein expression in rat

Sangita Manna1, M Janarthan, Balaram Ghosh

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University 188, Raja S.C. Mallick Road, P.O. Box 17028, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India.

Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
|February 9, 2010
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Dietary fish oil supplementation significantly reduced DNA damage and inhibited key markers of cell proliferation and oncogenesis in a rat model of mammary cancer. This suggests n-3 PUFA can prevent DNA damage and mammary carcinogenesis.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Mammary carcinogenesis is a significant health concern.
  • Dietary factors play a crucial role in cancer development and prevention.
  • Fish oil, rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), is investigated for its potential health benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of dietary fish oil (MaxEPA) on DNA-strand breaks.
  • To assess the effect of fish oil on cell proliferation markers.
  • To examine the influence of fish oil on anti-apoptotic protein expression in rat mammary carcinogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Eighty-one female Sprague-Dawley rats were used for DNA-strand breaks and immunohistochemical studies.
  • Mammary carcinogenesis was induced using 7,12-dimethylbenz(alpha)anthracene (DMBA).
  • Rats were administered either fish oil or corn oil daily via oral gavage.

Main Results:

  • Fish oil treatment significantly protected against single-strand breaks (SSBs) by 56.1% (P < 0.05).
  • Corn oil treatment increased SSBs by 72.3% (P < 0.05) compared to the DMBA control.
  • Fish oil significantly decreased Ki-67, HER-2/neu, and c-Myc expression, while corn oil increased them.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary n-3 PUFA demonstrates a preventive role against DNA damage.
  • Fish oil supplementation shows potential in inhibiting mammary carcinogenesis.
  • These findings support the use of n-3 PUFA as a chemopreventive agent.

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