Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Understanding the Impact of Temperate Bacteriophages on Their Lysogens Through Transcriptomics
Published on: January 5, 2024
High-throughput method for rapid induction of prophages from lysogens and its application in the study of Shiga
James E McDonald1, Darren L Smith, Paul C M Fogg
1Microbiology Research Group, School of Biological Sciences, BioSciences Building, University of Liverpool, Crown St., Liverpool L69 7ZB, United Kingdom.
Abstract:
A high-throughput 96-well plate-based method for the rapid induction of endogenous prophages from individual bacterial strains was developed. The detection of endogenous prophages was achieved by the filtration of the culture liquor following norfloxacin induction and subsequent PCRs targeting bacteriophage-carried gene markers. The induction method was tested on 188 putative Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains and demonstrated the ability to detect both lambdoid and stx-carrying bacteriophages in strains for which plaques were not observed via plaque assay. Lambdoid bacteriophages were detected in 37% of the induced phage preparations via amplification of the Q gene, and Stx1- and Stx2-encoding phages were detected in 2 and 14% of the strains, respectively. The method therefore provided greater sensitivity for the detection of Stx and other lambdoid bacteriophage populations carried by STEC strains than that for the established method of plaque assay using bacterial indicator strains, enabling, for the first time, large-scale bacteriophage population and diversity studies.
Related Concept Videos
Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages
Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle
Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle

