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Related Concept Videos

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...
NF-kB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-kB-dependent Signaling Pathway

The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...
Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway02:54

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The gene encoding the main signaling molecules of the Wnt signaling pathways (the Wnt proteins) was discovered almost four decades ago by Nüsslein-Volhard and Wieschaus. They identified and originally named the gene "wingless" (wg) after a phenotype discovered during their landmark genetic screen in Drosophila for body pattern defects. At around the same time, another researcher named Harold Varmus found that a murine tumor virus activates the mammalian wg homolog, Int-1, which results in tumor...
Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway02:54

Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway

The gene encoding the main signaling molecules of the Wnt signaling pathways (the Wnt proteins) was discovered almost four decades ago by Nüsslein-Volhard and Wieschaus. They identified and originally named the gene "wingless" (wg) after a phenotype discovered during their landmark genetic screen in Drosophila for body pattern defects. At around the same time, another researcher named Harold Varmus found that a murine tumor virus activates the mammalian wg homolog, Int-1, which results in tumor...
TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

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The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors are of three kinds RI, RII, and RIII. The RI...

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NF-κB-dependent Luciferase Activation and Quantification of Gene Expression in Salmonella Infected Tissue Culture Cells
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NF-κB-dependent Luciferase Activation and Quantification of Gene Expression in Salmonella Infected Tissue Culture Cells

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NF-κB signaling.

Ellen O'Dea1, Alexander Hoffmann1

  • 1Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Systems Biology and Medicine
|February 13, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway regulates immune responses. This review details how various stimuli activate NF-κB and discusses pathway integration for distinct cellular outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • The nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) transcription factor is a central regulator of immune responses.
  • Diverse stimuli, including inflammatory signals, developmental cues, metabolic stress, and DNA damage, activate NF-κB through distinct signaling pathways.
  • Mathematical modeling aids in understanding the dynamic and cross-talk regulation of the NF-κB network.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the regulation of NF-κB activity in response to various stimuli.
  • To discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying NF-κB activation and termination.
  • To summarize cross-talk mechanisms integrating different stimuli within the NF-κB signaling module.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of NF-κB signaling pathways.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms for NF-κB activation and termination.
  • Synthesis of evidence on stimulus integration and cross-talk in NF-κB signaling.

Main Results:

  • Different stimuli engage unique pathways to activate NF-κB, leading to distinct cellular responses.
  • Specific molecular mechanisms control the activation and termination of NF-κB in response to each stimulus.
  • Cross-talk mechanisms allow for the integration of multiple stimuli, producing synergistic or qualitatively different signaling outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • NF-κB signaling is a highly adaptable network responsive to a wide array of inputs.
  • Understanding NF-κB regulation and integration is crucial for comprehending immune system dynamics.
  • The review highlights the complexity of NF-κB network integration for diverse cellular functions.