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Related Concept Videos

The Extracellular Matrix01:42

The Extracellular Matrix

In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.Composition of the Extracellular MatrixThe extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse molecules.
The Extracellular Matrix01:29

The Extracellular Matrix

Overview
In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.
Composition of the Extracellular Matrix
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse...
Extracellular Matrix01:26

Extracellular Matrix

Unlike epithelial tissue, which is composed of cells closely packed with little or no extracellular space in between, connective tissue cells are dispersed in a matrix. This extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of fibrous proteins like collagen, elastin, and fibronectin in a ground substance consisting of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans. The proteoglycans form a gel-like material in the spaces between cells and provide hydration, buffering, binding, and force...
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

Overview
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...

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Fibroblast-Derived 3D Matrix System Applicable to Endothelial Tube Formation Assay
07:21

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Published on: December 26, 2019

Extracellular matrix, inflammation, and the angiogenic response.

Alicia G Arroyo1, M Luisa Iruela-Arispe

  • 1Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain. agarroyo@cnic.es

Cardiovascular Research
|February 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Inflammation drives blood vessel growth (angiogenesis) by altering the extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM remodeling by proteases is crucial for this process and subsequent tissue repair.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Science
  • Cell Biology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Inflammation and angiogenesis are closely linked in diseases like atherosclerosis, diabetes, and arthritis.
  • Persistent inflammatory responses lead to increased capillary permeability and endothelial activation, promoting capillary sprouting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and proteases in inflammation-induced angiogenesis.
  • To understand how ECM remodeling contributes to vascular morphogenesis and tissue repair in pathological conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of ECM protein and protease involvement in inflammatory angiogenesis.
  • Investigation of endothelial cell behavior and phenotype regulation by inflammatory stimuli and ECM components.
  • Study of mechanical forces, adhesion sites, and growth factor release from the ECM during vascular remodeling.

Main Results:

  • Inflammation-induced angiogenesis and tissue remodeling are largely mediated by ECM proteins and proteases.
  • Increased capillary permeability, a key inflammatory early event, leads to fibrin matrix deposition.
  • ECM turnover facilitates endothelial cell invasion, vascular morphogenesis, and the release of bioactive fragments.

Conclusions:

  • The interplay between inflammation, ECM, and proteases is critical for pathological angiogenesis.
  • ECM remodeling is essential for vascular repair and resolution of inflammatory responses.
  • Targeting ECM dynamics offers potential therapeutic strategies for inflammatory diseases.