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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
Aging01:26

Aging

Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...

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Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Assessing Spatial Learning and Memory in Small Squamate Reptiles
08:44

Assessing Spatial Learning and Memory in Small Squamate Reptiles

Published on: January 3, 2017

Reptile geriatrics.

Jean A Paré1, Andrew M Lentini

  • 1Animal Health Centre, Toronto Zoo, 361A Old Finch Avenue, Scarborough, ON M1B 5K7, Canada. jpare@torontozoo.ca

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Exotic Animal Practice
|February 18, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Reptile longevity is increasing, particularly in captivity. Recognizing subtle aging signs and implementing regular health screenings are crucial for geriatric reptile care and disease management.

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Area of Science:

  • Herpetology
  • Veterinary Geriatrics

Background:

  • Reptile longevity is increasing, especially in captive populations.
  • Defining 'old age' and senescence in most reptile species remains challenging.
  • Clinicians need to identify aging signs and age-related diseases in reptiles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of geriatric care in reptiles.
  • To guide clinicians in recognizing senescence and managing age-related diseases.
  • To emphasize proactive health monitoring for aging reptiles.

Main Methods:

  • Observational data on reptile longevity trends.
  • Clinical recognition of subtle senescence indicators (behavioral, physical).
  • Recommendations for serial health assessments (physical exams, blood work, imaging).

Main Results:

  • Captive reptiles are living longer than in the past.
  • Subtle changes in behavior, mobility, reproduction, weight, or appetite can indicate senescence.
  • Proactive, regular health monitoring is key for geriatric reptile management.

Conclusions:

  • Geriatric reptile care requires recognizing subtle aging signs.
  • Early and regular diagnostic monitoring is essential for managing age-related health issues in reptiles.
  • Veterinary professionals play a vital role in advising on and providing geriatric reptile care.