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Pediatric stroke: plasticity, vulnerability, and age of lesion onset

Jeffrey E Max1, Margaret Bruce, Eva Keatley

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, USA. jmax@ucsd.edu

The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
|February 18, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Younger age at childhood brain injury, particularly stroke, is linked to poorer neurocognitive and psychiatric outcomes. Early stroke impacts intellectual, language, and academic functions more severely than late stroke.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Pediatric Neurology

Background:

  • Brain plasticity and vulnerability are key factors in neurodevelopmental outcomes.
  • Understanding the impact of injury timing on brain development is crucial.
  • Previous research indicates age at injury influences long-term effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between age at brain injury and neurocognitive/psychiatric outcomes in children.
  • To examine how early versus late stroke affects various cognitive and behavioral domains.
  • To determine if age at injury predicts vulnerability in specific neurocognitive functions.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of neurocognitive and psychiatric outcomes based on age at stroke.
  • Assessment of intellectual function, language, memory, visuospatial skills, academic performance, and executive functions.
  • Evaluation of psychiatric problems and their severity in relation to stroke timing.

Main Results:

  • Children with early stroke showed poorer performance across intellectual, language, memory, visuospatial, and academic domains.
  • Early stroke was associated with more significant psychiatric problems compared to late stroke.
  • Children with late stroke performed worse on specific executive function tests.

Conclusions:

  • Younger age at focal brain injury (stroke) in children predicts worse overall neurocognitive outcomes.
  • While generally true, this pattern may not extend to all executive function outcomes.
  • Early stroke can lead to adverse psychiatric outcomes, with severity correlating with the condition.

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