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Updated: Jun 16, 2026

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress
Published on: July 4, 2013
Consequences of aggressive behavior in patients with dementia
Mark E Kunik1, A Lynn Snow, Jessica A Davila
1Houston Center for Quality of Care & Utilization Studies, Houston, TX 77030, USA. mkunik@bcm.tmc.edu
Abstract:
This study examined aggression as a predictor of nursing-home placement, injuries, use of restraints, and use of health services in community-dwelling patients with newly diagnosed dementia. Participants were identified from 2001-2004 Veterans Administration databases; all had a new diagnosis of dementia and no aggression. Patients and caregivers were evaluated for aggression, using the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory-aggression subscale, and other outcomes for 2 years, with outcome rates compared between patients who did or did not develop aggression and between pre- and postaggressive periods. Of 215 patients, 88 became aggressive, associated with significantly increased use of psychotropic medication (p< or =0.04), injuries (p< or =0.0001), and nursing-home placement (p< or =0.004).
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